Black raspberry extract can lower serum LDL cholesterol via modulation of gut microbial composition.
Black raspberry extract can lower serum LDL cholesterol via modulation of gut microbial composition and serum bile acid profile in rats fed trimethylamine-N-oxide with a high-fat diet.
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Key Findings
Abstract
: Blood trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been associated with cardiovascular disease. Black raspberry (, BR) has been regarded to be beneficial for cardiovascular health. This study aimed to investigate how BR extract affects serum lipid profile, gut microbial composition, metabolites in rats fed TMAO with a high-fat diet. Dietary TMAO increased serum LDL cholesterol, while BR extract decreased its level.α-Diversity of gut microbiota was not changed; however, in the rats fed TMAO,andwere enriched, whilewas reduced. The BR supplementation could restore,, and. The BR supplementation increased cecal hippuric acid and serum farnesoid X receptor-antagonistic bile acids, including ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), tauro-α-muricholic acid, and tauro-UDCA. The BR supplementation tended to upregulateandexpressions while downregulatingandexpressions. BR extract affects the gut bacterial community and microbial metabolites, lowering serum LDL cholesterol in rats with elevated serum TMAO. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01079-y.
Affiliation
Taehwan Lim
External References
- PubMed ID:
- 35873380
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