A higher magnesium intake was associated with lower fasting glucose and insulin.

Higher magnesium intake is associated with lower fasting glucose and insulin, with no evidence of interaction with select genetic loci, in a meta-analysis of 15 CHARGE Consortium Studies.

Adela Hruby, Julius S Ngwa, Frida Renström, Mary K Wojczynski, Andrea Ganna, G Hallmans, Denise K Houston, Paul F Jacques, Stavroula Kanoni, Terho Lehtimäki, Rozenn N Lemaitre, Ani Manichaikul, Kari E North, Ioanna Ntalla, Emily Sonestedt, T Tanaka, Frank J A van Rooij, S Bandinelli, Luc Djoussé, Efi Grigoriou, Ingegerd Johansson, Kurt K Lohman, James S Pankow, Olli T Raitakari, Ulf Riserus, Mary Yannakoulia, M Carola Zillikens, Neelam Hassanali, Yen-Ni Liu, Dariush Mozaffarian, Constantina Papoutsakis, Ann-Christine Syvänen, André G Uitterlinden, Jorma Viikari, Christopher J Groves, A Hofman, Lars Lind, Mark I McCarthy, Vera Mikkilä, Kenneth J Mukamal, Octavio L Franco, Ingrid Borecki, L Adrienne Cupples, George V Z Dedoussis, L Ferrucci, Fuliang Hu, Erik Ingelsson, Mika Kähönen, W H Linda Kao, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Marju Orho-Melander, Inga Prokopenko, Jerome I Rotter, David S Siscovick, J C M Witteman, Paul W Franks, James B Meigs, Nicola M McKeown, Jennifer A Nettleton

J Nutr

Mar 1, 2013

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Abstract

Favorable associations between magnesium intake and glycemic traits, such as fasting glucose and insulin, are observed in observational and clinical studies, but whether genetic variation affects these associations is largely unknown. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with either glycemic traits or magnesium metabolism affect the association between magnesium intake and fasting glucose and insulin. Fifteen studies from the CHARGE (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology) Consortium provided data from up to 52,684 participants of European descent without known diabetes. In fixed-effects meta-analyses, we quantified 1) cross-sectional associations of dietary magnesium intake with fasting glucose (mmol/L) and insulin (ln-pmol/L) and 2) interactions between magnesium intake and SNPs related to fasting glucose (16 SNPs), insulin (2 SNPs), or magnesium (8 SNPs) on fasting glucose and insulin. After adjustment for age, sex, energy intake, BMI, and behavioral risk factors, magnesium (per 50-mg/d increment) was inversely associated with fasting glucose [β = -0.009 mmol/L (95% CI: -0.013, -0.005), P