Spirulina platensis as a novel natural antimicrobial against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma gallisepticum in poultry.
as a novel natural antimicrobial against macrolide-resistantin poultry.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance in(MG) poses a significant threat to global poultry production, as traditional antibiotics, particularly macrolides, are becoming increasingly ineffective due to growing resistance. This study investigatesas a natural antimicrobial candidate against macrolide-resistant MG strains. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We tested 64 field isolates, along with the reference strain ATCC 15302, using broth microdilution. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were measured for conventional antibiotics (doxycycline, oxytetracycline, tylosin, tilmicosin, Aivlosin) andextract. Principal Component Analysis and correlation matrices were employed to investigate therapeutic relationships, while cytotoxicity assays evaluated safety profiles. RESULTS: High resistance rates were observed for the macrolides tilmicosin (87.5%) and tylosin (68.75%).showedantimicrobial activity against the tested isolates, with MICs ranging from 3.9 to 1,000 μg/mL; 65% of isolates were inhibited at concentrations of 250 μg/mL or lower, indicating measurable activity and supporting further investigation as a natural antimicrobial compound. Correlation analyses indicated weak or negligible associations with conventional antibiotics (
Affiliation
Sabrina Zidi
External References
- PubMed ID:
- 41788330
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