Treatment with Arimidex, a known osteopenic agent, is associated with a high prevalence of commonly unrecognized vitmain D deficiency in women with early breast cancer.

Vitamin D deficiency and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women receiving aromatase inhibitors for early breast cancer.

Xavier Nogues, Sonia Servitja, Maria Jesus Peña, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Rosa Nadal, Leonardo Mellibovsky, Joan Albanell, Adolfo Diez-Perez, Ignasi Tusquets

Maturitas

Apr 14, 2010

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Aromatase inhibitors (AI) treatment leads to an increased risk of bone loss and fractures. In a group of women with early breast cancer (EBC) and baseline Vitamin D deficiency (<30ng/ml) who are treated with AI, we aim to describe: serum levels of Vitamin D, bone mineral density (BMD), calcium intake, and the increase of serum 25(OH)D accomplished in 3 months of treatment with Vitamin D supplements. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, non-randomized clinical trial. METHODS: In 232 consecutively included women with EBC in treatment with AI, we assessed baseline calcium intake, serum levels of 25(OH)D, BMD and, spine X-ray. All received Calcium and Vitamin D supplements, and those with vitamin deficiency received 16,000IU Vitamin D every 2 weeks. Serum levels of 25(OH)D were newly assessed after treatment. All the baseline evaluation was performed before starting AI treatment. RESULTS: Mean age at baseline (+/-SD) was 63.2+/-8.8 years. In 150 (64.9%) cases, the women had been treated previously with tamoxifen; 101 (43.7%) started exemestane, 119 (51.5%) letrozole, and 11 (4.8%) anastrozole. The AI were initiated within 6 weeks after surgery or after the last cycle of chemotherapy. At baseline, 88.1% had 25(OH)D levels<30ng/ml, 21.2% had severe deficiency (<10ng/ml), and 25% of the participants had osteoporosis. Mean daily calcium intake was low (841+/-338). We found a significant association between 25(OH)D levels and BMD at baseline, which remained significant in femoral neck BMD after multivariate adjustment. Plasma 25(OH)D levels improved significantly at 3 months follow-up in those treated with high dose Vitamin D supplements: mean increase 32.55ng/ml (95%CI 28.06-37.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests a high prevalence of commonly unrecognized Vitamin D deficiency in women with EBC treated with AI, a known osteopenic agent. Our results support the need for a routine assessment of 25(OH)D levels and, when necessary, supplementation in these patients.

Affiliation

Internal Medicine Department, URFOA-IMIM, RETICEF, Hospital del Mar, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig Maritim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.