Tumor-suppressing efficacy of essential oil of Boswellia serrata gum resin and its synergistic effect on doxorubicin-induced growth inhibition of breast cancer.
Tumor-suppressing efficacy of essential oil ofgum resin and its synergistic effect on doxorubicin-induced growth inhibition of breast cancer cells.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED: The exploration for novel naturally derived anticancer therapeutics characterized by minimal adverse effects is garnering widespread attention on a global scale. Consequently, the ongoing research focuses on exploring new and efficacious phytochemicals with reduced toxicity and side effects. The results of this study indicate the strong anti-cancer potential of-essential oil (BS-EO) on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line with the IC50 value of 164.8 µg/ml and 98.21 µg/ml for 24 and 48 h, respectively. Furthermore, morphological assessment of BS-EO-treated MDA-MB-231 cells revealed its strong antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing potential. BS-EO was also found to induce nuclear damage, explored by DAPI and Hoechst 33,342 staining. Moreover, the evaluation of ROS generation, apoptosis, and caspase-3 activation also favored the anticancer efficacy of BS-EO in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The GCMS analysis of the BS-EO indicated the predominant occurrence of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Hence, the outcomes of this study suggest that the presence of terpenes might be responsible for the anticancer effectiveness of BS-EO on breast cancer cells, validating traditional medicinal uses offor various ailments, including cancer. Furthermore, the combination index of all the tested combinations of BS-EO and doxorubicin showed synergistic association. This synergy could offer a promising approach for enhancing the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy while potentially reducing the required dosage and associated toxicity. This supports further research into the development of BS-EO as a complementary therapeutic option for breast cancer treatment. In summary,essential oil shows significant promise as an anticancer agent by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation, and enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity in breast cancer cells, warranting additional preclinical and clinical studies for therapeutic application. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-026-04759-2.
Affiliation
Jiaming Zhang
External References
- PubMed ID:
- 41853213
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