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Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Airway Exosomes Released During Influenza Virus Infection Serve as a Key Component of the Antiviral Innate Immune Response.

Abstract Source:

Front Immunol. 2020 ;11:887. Epub 2020 May 12. PMID: 32477358

Abstract Author(s):

James G Bedford, Giuseppe Infusini, Laura F Dagley, Fernando Villalon-Letelier, Ming Z M Zheng, Vicki Bennett-Wood, Patrick C Reading, Linda M Wakim

Article Affiliation:

James G Bedford

Abstract:

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells that have an important biological function in intercellular communication by transferring biologically active proteins, lipids, and RNAs to neighboring or distant cells. While a role for exosomes in antimicrobial defense has recently emerged, currently very little is known regarding the nature and functional relevance of exosomes generated, particularly during an active viral infection. Here, we characterized exosomes released into the airways during influenza virus infection. We show that these vesicles dynamically change in protein composition over the course of infection, increasing expression of host proteins with known anti-influenza activity, and viral proteins with the potential to trigger host immune responses. We show that exosomes released into the airways during influenza virus infection trigger pulmonary inflammation and carry viral antigen that can be utilized by antigen presenting cells to drive the induction of a cellular immune response. Moreover, we show that attachment factors for influenza virus, namelyα2,3 and α2,6-linked sialic acids, are present on the surface of airway exosomes and these vesicles have the ability to neutralize influenza virus, thereby preventing the virus from binding and entering target cells. These data reveal a novel role for airway exosomes in the antiviral innate immunedefense against influenza virus infection.

Study Type : Animal Study
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Additional Keywords : Exosomes : CK(376) : AC(226)

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