Anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic properties and in silico modeling of cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides from fruits of an Indian cultivar of Momordica charantia. - GreenMedInfo Summary

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease and one of the fastest-growing health challenges of the last decades. Studies have shown that chronic low-grade inflammation and activation of the innate immune system are intimately involved in type 2 diabetes pathogenesis.L. fruits are used in traditional medicine to manage diabetes. Herein, we report the purification of a new 23--β-d-allopyranosyl-5β,19-epoxycucurbitane-6,24-diene triterpene (charantoside XV,) along with 25ξ-isopropenylchole-5(6)-ene-3--β-d-glucopyranoside (), karaviloside VI (), karaviloside VIII (), momordicoside L (), momordicoside A () and kuguaglycoside C () from an Indian cultivar of. At 50µM compounds,-differentially affected the expression of pro-inflammatory markers,, and, and mitochondrial marker. Compounds tested for the inhibition ofα-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes at 0.87 mM and 1.33 mM, respectively. Compounds showed similar α-amylase inhibitory activity than acarbose (0.13 mM) of control (68.0-76.6%). Karaviloside VIII (56.5%) was the most active compound in the α-glucosidase assay, followed by karaviloside VI (40.3%), while momordicoside L (23.7%), A (33.5%), and charantoside XV (23.9%) were the least active compounds. To better understand the mode of binding of cucurbitane-triterpenes to these enzymes, in silico docking of the isolated compounds was evaluated with α-amylase and α-glucosidase.