Abstract Title:

Differential involvement of protein kinase C in human promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation enhanced by artemisinin.

Abstract Source:

Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Dec 15;482(1-3):67-76. PMID: 14660006

Abstract Author(s):

Seung Hyun Kim, Hyeong Joon Kim, Tae Sung Kim

Abstract:

Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide that exists in several medicinal plants, is a well-known anti-malarial agent. In this report, we investigated the effect of artemisinin on cellular differentiation in the human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell culture system. Artemisinin markedly increased the degree of HL-60 leukemia cell differentiation when simultaneously combined with low doses of 1 alpha,25-dihydoxyvitamin D(3) [1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)] or all-trans retinoic acid (all-trans RA). Artemisinin by itself had very weak effects on the differentiation of HL-60 cells. Cytofluorometric analysis and cell morphologic studies indicated that artemisinin potentiated 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)-induced cell differentiation predominantly into monocytes and all-trans RA-induced cell differentiation into granulocytes, respectively. Extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors markedly inhibited HL-60 cell differentiation induced by artemisinin in combination with 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) or all-trans RA, whereas phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitors did not. Particularly, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors inhibited HL-60 cell differentiation induced by artemisinin in combination with 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) but not with all-trans RA. Artemisinin enhanced PKC activity and protein level of PKC beta I isoform in only 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)-treated HL-60 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that artemisinin strongly enhanced 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)- and all-trans RA-induced cell differentiation in which PKC is differentially involved in arteminisin-mediated enhancement of leukemia cell differentiation.

Study Type : In Vitro Study

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