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Abstract Title:

Artesunate prevents type 1 diabetes in NOD mice mainly by inducing protective IL-4-producing T cells and regulatory T cells.

Abstract Source:

FASEB J. 2019 Jul ;33(7):8241-8248. Epub 2019 Mar 27. PMID: 30916998

Abstract Author(s):

Zhixia Li, Xiajie Shi, Junbin Liu, Feng Shao, Gan Huang, Zhiguang Zhou, Peilin Zheng

Article Affiliation:

Zhixia Li

Abstract:

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producingβ cells. Recent studies showed that in addition to malaria, artemisinin and its derivative, artesunate (AS), could alleviate several autoimmune diseases. However, whether AS has a role in the prevention or treatment of T1D is still unknown. Therefore, in this study we administrated AS or DMSO in the drinking water of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a mouse model of T1D. We found that AS administration significantly prevented the incidence of T1D. The frequency of IL-4-producing CD4single-positive T cells and CD8T cells was significantly elevated, and IFN-γ-producing T cells were reduced in the spleen and pancreatic lymph nodes. In the pancreas, the skewing to IL-4-producing T cells was also observed. In addition, more regulatory T cells were found in the pancreas. mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, were decreased.In addition, AS administration promoted the functional maturity of β cells. Our findings demonstrate that AS administration can prevent T1D in NOD mice mainly by reducing autoimmune T cells and increasing protective T cells. Our data constitute the first functional study of AS in T1D, which may provide a new rationale for future translational studies.-Li, Z., Shi, X., Liu, J., Shao, F., Huang, G., Zhou, Z., Zheng, P. Artesunate prevents type 1 diabetes in NOD mice mainly by inducing protective IL-4-producing T cells and regulatory T cells.

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