A combined plant extract WS-5 could be applied as a natural product therapy with a focus on neuroinflammation-related neurodegenerative disorders. - GreenMedInfo Summary
WS-5 Extract ofandContains Anti-AChE Compounds and Improves-Amyloid-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 ;2019:5160293. Epub 2019 Apr 1. PMID: 31057649
Ju Eun Kim
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to an extensive neuron loss via accumulation of amyloid-beta (A) as senile plaques associated with reactive astrocytes and microglial activation in the brain. The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of WS-5 ethanol extract in vitro and in vivo against A-induced AD in mice and to identify the extract's active constituents. In the present study, WS-5 exerted a significant inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that WS-5 prevented Aoligomerization via inhibition of Aaggregation. Evaluation of antioxidant activities using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) demonstrated that WS-5 possessed a high antioxidant activity, which was confirmed by measuring the total antioxidant status (TAS). Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory properties of WS-5 were examined using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. WS-5 significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide and two proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-and IL-6. The memory impairment in mice with A-induced AD was studied using the Morris water maze and passive avoidance test. Immunohistochemistry was performed to monitor pathological changes in the hippocampus and cortex region of the mouse brain. The animal study showed that WS-5 (250 mg/kg) treatment improved learning and suppressed memory impairment as well as reduced Aplaque accumulation in A-induced AD. HPLC analysis identified the extract's active compounds that exert anti-AChE activity. In summary, our findings suggest that WS-5 could be applied as a natural product therapy with a focus on neuroinflammation-related neurodegenerative disorders.