Fish oil and olive oil-enriched diets alleviate acute ozone-induced cardiovascular effects. - GreenMedInfo Summary

Fish oil (FO) and olive oil (OO) supplementations attenuate the cardiovascular responses to inhaled concentrated ambient particles in human volunteers. This study was designed to examine the cardiovascular effects of ozone (O) exposure and the efficacy of FO and OO-enriched diets in attenuating the cardiovascular effects from Oexposure in rats. Rats were fed either a normal diet (ND), a diet enriched with 6% FO or OO starting at 4 weeks of age. Eight weeks following the start of these diet, animals were exposed to filtered air (FA) or 0.8 ppm O, 4 h/day for 2 consecutive days. Immediately after exposure, cardiac function was measured as the indices of left-ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and contractility (dP/dtand dP/dt) before ischemia. In addition, selective microRNAs (miRNAs) of inflammation, endothelial function, and cardiac function were assessed in cardiac tissues to examine the molecular alterations of diets and Oexposure. Pre-ischemic LVDP and dP/dtwere lower after Oexposure in rats fed ND but not FO and OO. Cardiac miRNAs expressions were altered by both diet and Oexposure. Specifically, O-induced up-regulation of miR-150-5p and miR-208a-5p were attenuated by FO and/or OO. miR-21 was up-regulated by both FO and OO after Oexposure. This study demonstrated that O-induced cardiovascular responses appear to be blunted by FO and OO diets. O-induced alterations in miRNAs linked to inflammation, cardiac function, and endothelial dysfunction support these pathways are involved, and dietary supplementation with FO or OO may alleviate these adverse cardiovascular effects in rats.