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Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Gestational exposure to an epidemiologically defined mixture of phthalates leads to gonadal dysfunction in mouse offspring of both sexes.

Abstract Source:

Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 23 ;9(1):6424. Epub 2019 Apr 23. PMID: 31015488

Abstract Author(s):

Anastasia Repouskou, Emily Panagiotidou, Lydia Panagopoulou, Pernilla Larsdotter Bisting, Astrud R Tuck, Marcus O D Sjödin, Johan Lindberg, Evangelos Bozas, Joëlle Rüegg, Chris Gennings, Carl-Gustaf Bornehag, Pauliina Damdimopoulou, Antonios Stamatakis, Efthymia Kitraki

Article Affiliation:

Anastasia Repouskou

Abstract:

The increasing concern for the reproductive toxicity of abundantly used phthalates requires reliable tools for exposure risk assessment to mixtures of chemicals, based on real life human exposure and disorder-associated epidemiological evidence. We herein used a mixture of four phthalate monoesters (33% mono-butyl phthalate, 16% mono-benzyl phthalate, 21% mono-ethyl hexyl phthalate, and 30% mono-isononyl phthalate), detected in 1trimester urine of 194 pregnant women and identified as bad actors for a shorter anogenital distance (AGD) in their baby boys. Mice were treated with 0, 0.26, 2.6 and 13 mg/kg/d of the mixture, corresponding to 0x, 10x, 100x, 500x levels detected in the pregnant women. Adverse outcomes detected in the reproductive system of the offspring in pre-puberty and adulthood included reduced AGD index and gonadal weight, changes in gonadal histology and altered expressionof key regulators of gonadal growth and steroidogenesis. Most aberrations were apparent in both sexes, though more pronounced in males, and exhibited a non-monotonic pattern. The phthalate mixture directly affected expression of steroidogenesis as demonstrated in a relevant in vitro model. The detected adversities at exposures close to the levels detected in pregnant women, raise concern on the existing safety limits for early-life human exposures and emphasizes the need for re-evaluation of the exposure risk.

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