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Abstract Title:

Griffithsin, a potent HIV entry inhibitor, is an excellent candidate for anti-HIV microbicide.

Abstract Source:

J Med Primatol. 2007 Aug ;36(4-5):244-53. PMID: 17669213

Abstract Author(s):

P Emau, B Tian, B R O'keefe, T Mori, J B McMahon, K E Palmer, Y Jiang, G Bekele, C C Tsai

Article Affiliation:

P Emau

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The predominant mode of HIV-1 transmission is by heterosexual contact. The cervical/vaginal mucosa is the main port of HIV entry in women. A safe and effective topical microbicide against HIV is urgently needed to prevent sexual transmission. Hence, we evaluated griffithsin (GRFT), a 12.7 kDa carbohydrate-binding protein, both native and recombinant GRFT, potently inhibited both CXCR4-and CCR5-tropic HIV infection and transmission in vitro.

METHODS: The antiviral efficacy of native and recombinant GRFT against CXCR4-and CCR5-tropic HIV and SHIV strains and SIVmac251 was evaluated by in vitro assays. We also evaluated the time course of antiviral activity and stability of GRFT in cervical/vaginal lavage as a function of pH 4-8.

RESULTS: Griffithsin blocked CXCR4-and CCR5-tropic viruses at less than 1 nm concentrations and exhibited a high potency. GRFT was stable in cervical/vaginal lavage fluid and maintained a similar potency of anti-HIV activity. GRFT is not only a highly potent HIV entry inhibitor, but also prevents cell fusion and cell-to-cell transmission of HIV.

CONCLUSIONS: The in vitro efficacy of GRFT revealed low cytotoxicity, high potency, rapid onset of antiviral activity and long-term stability in cervical/vaginal lavage. GRFT is an excellent candidate for anti-HIV microbicide development.

Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-HIV Agents : CK(133) : AC(95)

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