Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Guava leaves polyphenolics-rich extract inhibits vital enzymes implicated in gout and hypertension in vitro.

Abstract Source:

J Intercult Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Mar-Apr;5(2):122-30. Epub 2016 Mar 24. PMID: 27104032

Abstract Author(s):

Emmanuel Anyachukwu Irondi, Samson Olalekan Agboola, Ganiyu Oboh, Aline Augusti Boligon, Margareth Linde Athayde, Francis O Shode

Article Affiliation:

Emmanuel Anyachukwu Irondi

Abstract:

BACKGROUND/AIM: Elevated uric acid level, an index of gout resulting from the over-activity of xanthine oxidase (XO), increases the risk of developing hypertension. However, research has shown that plant-derived inhibitors of XO and angiotensin 1-converting enzyme (ACE), two enzymes implicated in gout and hypertension, respectively, can prevent or ameliorate both diseases, without noticeable side effects. Hence, this study characterized the polyphenolics composition of guava leaves extract and evaluated its inhibitory effect on XO and ACE in vitro.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The polyphenolics (flavonoids and phenolic acids) were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode array detection (DAD). The XO, ACE, and Fe(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities, and free radicals (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl [DPPH]* and 2,2´-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic [ABTS]*(+)) scavenging activities of the extract were determined using spectrophotometric methods.

RESULTS: Flavonoids were present in the extract in the order of quercetin>kaempferol>catechin>quercitrin>rutin>luteolin>epicatechin; while phenolic acids were in the order of caffeic acid>chlorogenic acid>gallic acids. The extract effectively inhibited XO, ACE and Fe(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner; having half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 38.24± 2.32 μg/mL, 21.06 ± 2.04 μg/mL and 27.52 ± 1.72 μg/mL against XO, ACE and Fe(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation, respectively. The extract also strongly scavenged DPPH* and ABTS*(+).

CONCLUSION: Guava leaves extract could serve as functional food for managing gout and hypertension and attenuating the oxidative stress associated with both diseases.

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