Abstract Title:

Plasma carotenoids and vitamin C concentrations and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Abstract Source:

Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Oct ;96(4):902-10. Epub 2012 Sep 5. PMID: 22952186

Abstract Author(s):

Martine M Ros, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Ellen Kampman, Katja K H Aben, Frederike L Büchner, Eugene H J M Jansen, Carla H van Gils, Lars Egevad, Kim Overvad, Anne Tjønneland, Nina Roswall, Marie Christine Boutron-Ruault, Marina Kvaskoff, Florence Perquier, Rudolf Kaaks, Jenny Chang-Claude, Steffen Weikert, Heiner Boeing, Antonia Trichopoulou, Pagona Lagiou, Vardis Dilis, Domenico Palli, Valeria Pala, Carlotta Sacerdote, Rosario Tumino, Salvatore Panico, Petra H M Peeters, Inger T Gram, Guri Skeie, José María Huerta, Aurelio Barricarte, José Ramón Quirós, María José Sánchez, Genevieve Buckland, Nerea Larrañaga, Roy Ehrnström, Peter Wallström, Börje Ljungberg, Göran Hallmans, Timothy J Key, Naomi E Allen, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nick Wareham, Paul Brennan, Elio Riboli, Lambertus A Kiemeney

Article Affiliation:

National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [email protected]

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Published associations between dietary carotenoids and vitamin C and bladder cancer risk are inconsistent. Biomarkers may provide more accurate measures of nutrient status.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the association between plasma carotenoids and vitamin C and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

DESIGN: A total of 856 patients with newly diagnosed UCC were matched with 856 cohort members by sex, age at baseline, study center, date and time of blood collection, and fasting status. Plasma carotenoids (α- and β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin) were measured by using reverse-phase HPLC, and plasma vitamin C was measured by using a colorimetric assay. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for smoking status, duration, and intensity.

RESULTS: UCC risk decreased with higher concentrations of the sum of plasma carotenoids (IRR for the highest compared with the lowest quartile: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.93; P-trend = 0.04). Plasmaβ-carotene was inversely associated with aggressive UCC (IRR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.88; P-trend = 0.02). Plasma lutein was inversely associated with risk of nonaggressive UCC (IRR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.98; P-trend = 0.05). No association was observed between plasma vitamin C and risk of UCC.

CONCLUSIONS: Although residual confounding by smoking or other factors cannot be excluded, higher concentrations of plasma carotenoids may reduce risk of UCC, in particular aggressive UCC. Plasma lutein may reduce risk of nonaggressive UCC.

Study Type : Meta Analysis

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