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Article Publish Status: FREE
Abstract Title:

Intravenous omega-3 fatty acids are associated with better clinical outcome and less inflammation in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis: A randomised double blind controlled trial.

Abstract Source:

Clin Nutr. 2020 Sep ;39(9):2711-2719. Epub 2018 Apr 27. PMID: 32921364

Abstract Author(s):

D Al-Leswas, A M Eltweri, W-Y Chung, A Arshad, J A Stephenson, O Al-Taan, C Pollard, H L Fisk, P C Calder, G Garcea, M S Metcalfe, A R Dennison

Article Affiliation:

D Al-Leswas

Abstract:

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Omega-3 fatty acids (FA) can ameliorate the hyper-inflammatory response that occurs in conditions such as severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and this may improve clinical outcome. We tested the hypothesis that parenteral omega-3 FA from a lipid emulsion that includes fish oil could be beneficial in patients with predicted SAP by reducing C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration (primary outcome), and modulating the inflammatory response and improving clinical outcome (secondary outcomes).

METHODS: In a phase II randomized double-blind single-centre controlled trial, patients with predicted SAP were randomised to receive a daily infusion of fish oil containing lipid emulsion (Lipidem® 20%, BBraun) for 7 days (n = 23) or a daily infusion of a lipid emulsion without fish oil (Lipofundin® MCT 20%, BBraun) (n = 22).

RESULTS: On admission, both groups had comparable pancreatitis predicted severity and APACHE II scores. Administration of fish oil resulted in lower total blood leukocyte number (P = 0.04), CRP (P = 0.013), interleukin-8 (P = 0.05) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (P = 0.01) concentrations, multiple organ dysfunction score, sequential organ failure assessment score (P = 0.004), early warning score (P = 0.01), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (P = 0.03) compared to the control group. The fish oil group had fewer new organ failures (P = 0.07), lower critical care admission rate (P = 0.06), shorter critical care stay (P = 0.03) and shorter total hospital stay (P = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that intravenous administration of a fish oil containing lipid emulsion, a source of omega-3 FA, improves clinical outcomes in patients with predicted SAP, benefits that may be linked to reduced inflammation. CLINICALTRIALS.

GOV NUMBER: NCT01745861.

EU CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTER: EudraCT (2010-018660-16).

Study Type : Human Study

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