Abstract Title:

Effect of a traditional Mediterranean diet on lipoprotein oxidation: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract Source:

Arch Intern Med. 2007 Jun 11;167(11):1195-203. PMID: 17563030

Abstract Author(s):

Montserrat Fitó, Mònica Guxens, Dolores Corella, Guillermo Sáez, Ramón Estruch, Rafael de la Torre, Francesc Francés, Carmen Cabezas, María Del Carmen López-Sabater, Jaume Marrugat, Ana García-Arellano, Fernando Arós, Valentina Ruiz-Gutierrez, Emilio Ros, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Miquel Fiol, Rosa Solá, María-Isabel Covas,

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Despite the richness in antioxidants of the Mediterranean diet, to our knowledge, no randomized controlled trials have assessed its effect on in vivo lipoprotein oxidation. METHODS: A total of 372 subjects at high cardiovascular risk (210 women and 162 men; age range, 55-80 years), who were recruited into a large, multicenter, randomized, controlled, parallel-group clinical trial (the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea [PREDIMED] Study) directed at testing the efficacy of the traditional Mediterranean diet (TMD) on the primary prevention of coronary heart disease, were assigned to a low-fat diet (n = 121) or one of 2 TMDs (TMD + virgin olive oil or TMD + nuts). The TMD participants received nutritional education and either free virgin olive oil for all the family (1 L/wk) or free nuts (30 g/d). Diets were ad libitum. Changes in oxidative stress markers were evaluated at 3 months. RESULTS: After the 3-month interventions, mean (95% confidence intervals) oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels decreased in the TMD + virgin olive oil (-10.6 U/L [-14.2 to -6.1]) and TMD + nuts (-7.3 U/L [-11.2 to -3.3]) groups, without changes in the low-fat diet group (-2.9 U/L [-7.3 to 1.5]). Change in oxidized LDL levels in the TMD + virgin olive oil group reached significance vs that of the low-fat group (P = .02). Malondialdehyde changes in mononuclear cells paralleled those of oxidized LDL. No changes in serum glutathione peroxidase activity were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals at high cardiovascular risk who improved their diet toward a TMD pattern showed significant reductions in cellular lipid levels and LDL oxidation. Results provide further evidence to recommend the TMD as a useful tool against risk factors for CHD. Trial Registration isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN35739639.

Study Type : Human Study
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