The possible role of PD-1 protein in Ganoderma lucidum-mediated immunomodulation and cancer treatment. - GreenMedInfo Summary

has been used in Chinese medicine for thousands years to improve health and to promote longevity. One important function ofis to modulate the immune system. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a cell surface protein present in certain immune cells (, B- and Tcells) and plays an important role in modulating the immune response. The role of PD-1 protein in-mediated immunomodulation is unknown.Cultured human Blymphocytes and extract prepared fromspores (GLE) were used to determine PD-1 protein in-mediated immunomodulation. Both western blotting and immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy assays were used to determine the effect of GLE treatment on PD-1 protein expression. A reverse transcription-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) assay was used to determine the effect of GLE on transcriptiongene.Both our western blotting and IF staining results demonstrated great reduction in PD-1 protein and in proportion of PD-1+ cells in these B-lymphocytes. Our real-time PCR results indicated that this PD-1 protein reduction was not caused by a transcriptional inhibition of the gene. In addition, our western blotting study further revealed that the GLE treatment caused an increase in expression of CCL5 chemokine in the cultured B-lymphocytes.PD-1 protein is an important target of-mediated immunomodulation.and its bioactive compounds can be developed into novel immunomodulators for prevention and treatment of cancer and many other diseases.