Probiotics and the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis. - GreenMedInfo Summary

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Abstract Title:

Probiotics and the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Abstract Source:

J Pediatr Surg. 2019 Mar ;54(3):405-412. Epub 2018 Sep 6. PMID: 30241961

Abstract Author(s):

Mark A Underwood

Article Affiliation:

Mark A Underwood

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Immaturity of the host immune system and alterations in the intestinal microbiome appear to be key factors in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The aim of this paper is to weigh the evidence for the use of probiotics to prevent NEC in premature infants.

METHODS: Animal studies, randomized controlled trials, observational cohort studies and meta-analyses involving administration of probiotic products for the prevention of NEC were reviewed. This review of the evidence summarizes the available preclinical and clinical data.

RESULTS: In animal models probiotic microbes alter the intestinal microbiome, decrease inflammation and intestinal permeability and decrease the incidence and severity of experimental NEC. In randomized, placebo-controlled trials and cohort studies of premature infants, probiotic microbes decrease the risk of NEC, death and sepsis.

CONCLUSION: Evidence is strong for the prevention of NEC with the use of combination probiotics in premature infants who receive breast milk. The potential risks and benefits of probiotic administration to premature infants should be carefully reviewed with parents.

TYPE OF STUDY: Therapeutic.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I.

Article Published Date : Feb 28, 2019

Study Type : Review

Additional Links

Substances : Probiotics : CK(7680) : AC(1617)

Diseases : Necrotising enterocolitis : CK(214) : AC(40), Premature Birth : CK(558) : AC(68)

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents : CK(20859) : AC(13987)