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Abstract Title:

Silibinin triggers yeast apoptosis related to mitochondrial Ca(2+) influx in Candida albicans.

Abstract Source:

Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2016 Sep 14 ;80:1-9. Epub 2016 Aug 14. PMID: 27639679

Abstract Author(s):

Dae Gyu Yun, Dong Gun Lee

Article Affiliation:

Dae Gyu Yun

Abstract:

Candida albicans is a common yeast that resides in the human body, but can occasionally cause systemic fungal infection, namely candidiasis. As this infection rate is gradually increasing, it is becoming a major problem to public health. Accordingly, we for the first time investigated the antifungal activity and mode of action of silibinin, a natural product extracted from Silybum marianum (milk thistle), against C. albicans. On treatment with 100μM silibinin, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from mitochondria, which can cause yeast apoptosis via oxidative stress, was increased by 24.17% compared to that in untreated cells. Subsequently, we found disturbances in ion homeostasis such as release of intracellular K(+) and accumulation of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Ca(2+). Among these phenomena, mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload particularly plays a crucial role in the process of apoptosis, promoting the activation of pro-apoptotic factors. Therefore, we investigated the significance of mitochondrial Ca(2+) in apoptosis by employing 20mM ruthenium red (RR). Additional apoptosis hallmarks such as mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cytochrome c release, caspase activation, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, and DNA damage were observed in response to silibinin treatment, whereas RR pre-treatment seemed to block these responses. In summary, our results suggest that silibinin induces yeast apoptosis mediated by mitochondrial Ca(2+) signaling in C. albicans.

Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Candida Albicans
Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic : CK(6986) : AC(6931)

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