Apoptotic

Name	AC	CK
Sodium Fluoride	29	63
Thimerosal	12	34
Cell Phone Exposure	14	32
Mercury	4	20
Nano Plastic-and Micro-Particles	5	12
Polystyrene nanoparticles	6	9
Gadolinium	2	6
Fluoride	4	5
Hydrogen Peroxide	1	5
Bisphenol A	4	4
Glyphosate	3	4
Aluminum	2	3
Pesticides	2	3
Aluminum oxide	1	2
Nanoparticles	1	2
Roundup	1	2
Statin Drugs	2	2
Sugar Sweetened Beverages	1	2
Vaccine Adjuvants	1	2
vaccine	1	2
2-phenoxyethanol	1	1
Arsenic	1	1
Benzo(a)pyrene	1	1
Bisphenol F	1	1
Bisphenol S	1	1
Bisphosphonates	1	1
Dimethoate	1	1
Lovastatin	1	1
Simvastatin	1	1
Zineb	1	1

Name	AC	CK
Fluoride Toxicity	29	64
Oxidative Stress	27	60
DNA damage	11	29
Mitochondrial Dysfunction	5	16
Microplastic Toxicity	7	15
Radiation Induced Illness	4	13
Infertility: Male	7	12
Sperm Quality: Low	5	12
Infertility: Female	6	10
Chemically-Induced Liver Damage	5	8
Lipid Peroxidation	4	7
Inflammation	4	6
Breast Cancer	1	5
Female	1	5
Fluorosis	4	5
Kidney Damage: Chemically-Induced	3	5
Sperm Count: Low	3	5
Bisphenol Toxicity	4	4
Infertility	3	4
Testicular Injury: Chemical/Metal Induced	2	4
Kidney Damage	2	3
Pesticide Toxicity	2	3
Spleen Damage: Chemically Induced	1	3
Auditory Diseases	1	2
Brain Damage	1	2
Cancers	2	2
Cardiomyopathy	1	2
Cardiovascular Diseases	1	2
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2	1	2
Electromagnetic Radiation Mitigation	1	2
Glyphosate Toxicity	2	2
Hearing Disorders	1	2
Hypothyroidism	1	2
Neurodegenerative Diseases	1	2
Neurodevelopmental Disorders	1	2
Neurologic Disorders	1	2
Radiation	1	2
Statin-Induced Pathologies	2	2
Stroke	1	2
Stroke: Ischemic	1	2
Vaccine-induced Toxicity	1	2
Aluminum Toxicity	1	1
Arsenic Poisoning	1	1
Benzo[a]pyrene-induced Toxicity	1	1
Bone Diseases	1	1
Drug-Induced Toxicity: Gastrointestinal	1	1
Excitotoxicity	1	1
Eye Damage	1	1
Gadolinium Toxicity	1	1
Gastrointestinal Diseases	1	1
Gingivitis	1	1
Hair Loss	1	1
Hair Quality Problems	1	1
Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Toxicity	1	1
Mercury Poisoning	1	1
Neurotoxicity	1	1
Ovarian Diseases	1	1
Ovulation Disorders	1	1
Parkinson's Disease	1	1
Retinal Degeneration: Light-Induced	1	1

[+]

Fluoride-induced apoptosis in non-skeletal tissues of experimental animals.Jul 31, 2023

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Heliyon. 2023 Aug ;9(8):e18646. Epub 2023 Jul 29. PMID: 37560699

Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2023

Study Type : Meta Analysis, Review

Additional Links

Diseases : Fluoride Toxicity

Problem Substances : Sodium Fluoride

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic

[+]

1.8 GHz EMF may inhibit ciliary beat frequency via a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism.Feb 01, 2013

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Pubmed Data : Laryngoscope. 2013 Feb ;123(2):315-20. Epub 2012 Oct 11. PMID: 23060235

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2013

Study Type : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Electromagnetic Field Harms, Electromagnetic Radiation, Electromagnetic Radiation: 1.8 GHz

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Neurotoxic

[+]

1950 MHz induces mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in astrocytes.Jan 01, 2012

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : PLoS One. 2012 ;7(8):e42332. Epub 2012 Aug 1. PMID: 22870319

Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2012

Study Type : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Diseases : Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Electromagnetic Field Harms, Electromagnetic Radiation, Electromagnetic Radiation: 1.8 GHz

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic

[+]

2.1 GHz microwave radiation decreases cell viability, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential, and results in cell death in breast fibroblast cells in vitro.Jan 01, 2013

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Pubmed Data : Cell Biochem Biophys. 2013 ;67(3):1371-8. PMID: 23723005

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Oct ;1848(10 Pt B):2756-65. Epub 2015 Feb 19. PMID: 25703814

Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2015

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Pubmed Data : Reprod Toxicol. 2025 Mar ;132:108848. Epub 2025 Jan 28. PMID: 39884398

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Pubmed Data : Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2015 Jun ;21(6):515-20. PMID: 26242041

Pubmed Data : Biol Trace Elem Res. 2014 Aug ;160(2):285-93. Epub 2014 Jun 27. PMID: 24965080

Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2014

Study Type : Human In Vitro

Additional Links

Substances : Selenium

Diseases : Oxidative Stress

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Apoptotic, Antioxidant, Cytoprotective

Additional Keywords : electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic frequencies, electromagnetic radiation, EMF

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Electromagnetic Field Harms, Electromagnetic Radiation, Microwave Radiation, Mobile Phone Radiation

Problem Substances : Cell Phone Exposure

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Cytotoxic, Oxidant

[+]

Thimerosal impacts nerve growth factor signaling at levels lower than those responsible for cell death.Jul 01, 2005

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Pubmed Data : Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jul ;86(1):132-40. Epub 2005 Apr 20. PMID: 15843506

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Pubmed Data : Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2025 ;277:111068. Epub 2024 Dec 28. PMID: 39736455

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2024

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Substances : Artichoke

Diseases : Fluoride Toxicity , Inflammation, Oxidative Stress

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Apoptotic, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants

Additional Keywords : Plant Extracts

Problem Substances : Sodium Fluoride

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic

[+]

Atrazine is capable of inducing splenocytic apoptosis mediated by the Fas/FasL pathway in mice.Oct 26, 2011

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : BMC Med. 2011 Oct 27 ;9:117. Epub 2011 Oct 27. PMID: 22032520

Article Published Date : Oct 26, 2011

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Pesticide Toxicity

Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic

Problem Substances : Pesticides

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Immunotoxic

[+]

Caspase-3 and p38MAPK gene expression were significantly upregulated in the ocular tissues following exposure to RF-EMF.Dec 31, 2017

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Pubmed Data : Bratisl Lek Listy. 2018 ;119(9):588-592. PMID: 30226071

Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2017

Study Type : Animal Study, In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Electromagnetic Field Harms, Mobile Phone Radiation

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic

[+]

Cell phone radiation leads to neuronal loss in 8-week old rats.Oct 22, 2015

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Pubmed Data : Brain Res. 2015 Oct 22 ;1624:232-238. Epub 2015 Jul 31. PMID: 26239913

Article Published Date : Oct 22, 2015

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Arch Toxicol. 2018 Nov ;92(11):3277-3289. Epub 2018 Sep 17. PMID: 30225638

Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2018

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, Fluoride Toxicity

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic

[+]

Fluoride induces pyroptosis via IL-17A-mediated caspase-1/11-dependent pathways and Bifidobacterium intervention in testis.May 19, 2024

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Pubmed Data : Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 20 ;926:172036. Epub 2024 Mar 28. PMID: 38554964

Article Published Date : May 19, 2024

Pubmed Data : Brain Res. 2010 Oct 14 ;1356:95-101. Epub 2010 Aug 4. PMID: 20691167

Article Published Date : Oct 14, 2010

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Electromagnetic Field Harms, Electromagnetic Radiation

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Neurotoxic

[+]

Long-term exposure to cell phone radiation increases apoptosis and oxidative stress while depleting antioxidant activity in the brains of young and adult rats.Nov 01, 2014

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Pubmed Data : Cell Biochem Biophys. 2014 Nov ;70(2):845-55. PMID: 24801773

Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2014

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress

Additional Keywords : Cell Phones, electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic frequencies, electromagnetic radiation, EMF

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Electromagnetic Field Harms, Electromagnetic Radiation, Microwave Radiation, Mobile Phone Radiation

Problem Substances : Cell Phone Exposure

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Neurotoxic, Oxidant

[+]

Long-term exposure to Wi-Fi radiation in rats decreases sperm parameters in a time-dependent manner.Jan 01, 2015

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Pubmed Data : Ren Fail. 2015 Mar ;37(2):305-9. Epub 2014 Nov 19. PMID: 25691088

Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2015

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Kidney Damage

Additional Keywords : electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic frequencies, electromagnetic radiation, EMF, kidney damage, Pregnancy, Pregnancy And Fetal Growth

Anti Therapeutic Actions : Electromagnetic Field Harms, Electromagnetic Radiation, Mobile Phone Radiation

Problem Substances : Cell Phone Exposure

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Renotoxic

[+]

Rats exposed to mobile phone radiation in utero exhibit elevated lipid peroxidation, DNA oxidation, and apoptosis, resulting in testicular abnormalities.Dec 01, 2013

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Pubmed Data : Reprod Toxicol. 2013 Dec ;42:203-9. Epub 2013 Oct 1. PMID: 24095929

Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2013

Study Type : Animal Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress, Sperm Count: Low, Sperm Quality: Low

Additional Keywords : electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic frequencies, electromagnetic radiation, EMF, male fertility, Pregnancy, Pregnancy And Fetal Growth

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Genotoxic, Oxidant

[+]

Rats exposed to mobile phone radiation in utero have elevated biomarkers of oxidative stress and histopathological changes in heart tissue.Jan 01, 2015

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Pubmed Data : Electromagn Biol Med. 2015 ;34(4):390-7. Epub 2014 Aug 28. PMID: 25166431

Pubmed Data : J Infect Dis. 2012 Feb ;205(3):422-30. Epub 2011 Dec 7. PMID: 22158565

Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2012

Study Type : Animal Study

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Lett. 2014 Aug 4 ;228(3):216-24. Epub 2014 May 9. PMID: 24813634

Article Published Date : Aug 04, 2014

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Click here to read the entire abstract

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

Click here to read the entire abstract

Pubmed Data : Toxicol In Vitro. 2005 Mar ;19(2):191-8. PMID: 15649632

Article Published Date : Feb 28, 2005

Study Type : In Vitro Study

Additional Links

Diseases : Mercury Poisoning

Problem Substances : Thimerosal

Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic, Cytotoxic

[+]

Thimerosal induces DNA breaks, caspase-3 activation, membrane damage, and cell death in cultured human neurons and fibroblasts.Jul 31, 2003

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Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.

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View the Evidence: 125 Abstracts with Apoptotic Research

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Fluoride-induced apoptosis in non-skeletal tissues of experimental animals.Jul 31, 2023

1.8 GHz EMF may inhibit ciliary beat frequency via a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism.Feb 01, 2013

1950 MHz induces mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in astrocytes.Jan 01, 2012

2.1 GHz microwave radiation decreases cell viability, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential, and results in cell death in breast fibroblast cells in vitro.Jan 01, 2013

900 MHz electromagnetic fields reduces cell viability and proliferation.Jan 01, 2018

Electromagnetic field exposure induces caspase 3 activation, a protein involved in apoptosis as well as other cellular processes.Sep 01, 2008

Electromagnetic field exposure induces caspase 3 activation, a protein involved in apoptosis as well as other cellular processes.Sep 01, 2008

Electromagnetic radiation from Wi-Fi or cell phones placed within 10cm of cell cultures results in increased oxidative stress and apoptosis.Oct 01, 2015

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields increase oxidative stress and induces apoptosis. Incubation with N-acetylcysteine and glutathione reduces oxidative damage and prevents cell death.Jan 01, 2016

Gadolinium induces DNA damage which is enhanced by extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields.Oct 01, 2014

Investigation of potential toxic effects of nano- and microplastics on human endometrial stromal cells.Feb 28, 2025

Microwave radiation upregulates multiple stress and apoptosis-related genes in human retina pigment epithelial cells.Sep 01, 2002

Microwaves induce apoptosis in human cells at non-thermal levels.Jun 01, 2000

Millimeter waves enhance aerobic glycolysis in human erythromyeloid leukemia cell and have an antiproliferative effect.May 01, 2007

Mobile phone radiation reduces sperm motility and viability, increases sperm head defects, and induces early apoptosis of sperm cells in vitro.Jun 01, 2015

Oxidative stress and hydrogen peroxide work synergistically to stimulate apoptosis.Jun 01, 2010

Radiofrequency radiation impairs cell proliferation.Dec 01, 2007

Selenium prevents oxidative stress and apoptosis associated with mobile phone exposure.Aug 01, 2014

Thimerosal impacts nerve growth factor signaling at levels lower than those responsible for cell death.Jul 01, 2005

Thimerosal induces antiproliferative properties, apoptosis, and autophagy activation in human Chang conjunctival cells.Jan 31, 2014

Thimerosal induces DNA strand breaks, downregulates glutathione, and stimulates apoptosis in vitro.Feb 01, 2008

Thimerosal stimulates apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells via a neurotoxic mechanism.Jul 01, 2006

Various forms of mercury, including thimerosal, are cytotoxic and apoptotic in vitro.Feb 28, 2007

Sodium fluoride induces the splenic apoptosis.Dec 26, 2016

2.45 GHz stimulate apoptosis in Chinese hamster cells.Nov 01, 2011

3G cell phone exposure impacts brain function by inducing oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis through the p38 MAPK pathway.Mar 01, 2014

600 MHz electromagnetic field exposure induces apoptosis in various organs of rabbits, however, this effect is seemingly individual and time-dependent.May 01, 2005

900 and 1800 MHz induces abnormal cell death in Drosophilia egg chambers.Jan 10, 2007

Artichoke leaf extract protects against sodium fluoride induced damage.Dec 31, 2024

Atrazine is capable of inducing splenocytic apoptosis mediated by the Fas/FasL pathway in mice.Oct 26, 2011

Caspase-3 and p38MAPK gene expression were significantly upregulated in the ocular tissues following exposure to RF-EMF.Dec 31, 2017

Cell phone radiation leads to neuronal loss in 8-week old rats.Oct 22, 2015

Chronic fluoride exposure induces neuronal apoptosis and impairs neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity.Dec 31, 2018

Effects of fluoride on DNA damage and caspase-mediated apoptosis in the liver of rats.Jul 31, 2015

Effects of treadmill exercise on the expression level of BAX, BAD, BCL-2, BCL-XL, TFAM, and PGC-1α in the hippocampus of thimerosal-treated rats.Jul 31, 2021

Electromagnetic pulse radiation induces oxidative stress and apoptosis, leading to brain damage in rats.Jan 01, 2014

Excessive-fluoride intake can induce thyroid injury.Nov 05, 2018

Exposure to static magnetic fields induced hepatocyte apoptosis through a caspase-independent pathway involving mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor but not in the brain.Oct 01, 2015

Extremely low frequency-magnetic fields alters caspase activity in rat testes.Dec 01, 2013

Fluoride induced tissue hypercalcemia, IL-17 mediated inflammation and apoptosis lead to cardiomyopathy.Jul 31, 2018

Fluoride induces apoptosis and autophagy through the IL-17 signaling pathway in mice hepatocytes.Oct 31, 2018

Fluoride induces pyroptosis via IL-17A-mediated caspase-1/11-dependent pathways and Bifidobacterium intervention in testis.May 19, 2024

GSM 900 and 1800 MHz EMF impaired reproductive capacity by Drosophilia melanogaster that diminished with distance and decreasing intensities.May 01, 2010

GSM 900 and 1800 MHz EMF impaired reproductive capacity by Drosophilia melanogaster that diminished with distance and decreasing intensities.May 01, 2010

Long duration exposure to 900 MHz EMF leads to decreases the number of Purkinje cell in the female rat cerebellum.Oct 14, 2010

Long-term exposure to cell phone radiation increases apoptosis and oxidative stress while depleting antioxidant activity in the brains of young and adult rats.Nov 01, 2014

Long-term exposure to Wi-Fi radiation in rats decreases sperm parameters in a time-dependent manner.Jan 01, 2015

Long-term mobile phone radiation exposure induced oxidative stress leads to apoptosis of testicular cells and thus impairs testicular function.Apr 09, 2018

Male rat testes exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field exhibited altered sperm quality and biochemical characteristics.Jan 01, 2016

Microscopic analyses reveal cochlear apoptosis and necrosis associated with exposure to both 900 MHz and 1800 MHz electromagnetic fields in rats.May 01, 2014

Microwave exposure decreases mitochondrial membrane potential, increases DNA fragmentation, and induces apoptosis via a caspase-3-dependent pathway in vitro.Jan 01, 2014

Microwaves from mobile phone exposure induce morphological changes and apoptosis in rabbit epididymis.Aug 01, 2015

Mobile phone electromagnetic field increases Bcl-2 in rat brain tissue and has an effect on apoptosis.Jan 01, 2014

Mobile phone radiation induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in the rat endometrium and is ameliorated by vitamin C and E.Nov 01, 2006

Mobile phones radiation seems capable of mobilizing critical cytopathic mechanisms, and altering fundamental genetic programs and networks in D. melanogaster.Jan 02, 2017

Nanoalumina stimulates mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to overactive autophagic degradation and results in apoptosis. This was confirmed by upregulation of apoptotic genes in the brains of nanoalumina-treated mice.Feb 01, 2013

Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis in normoglycemic rats is due to mitochondrial translocation of p53-induced by the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.Aug 31, 2023

Polystyrene microplastics modulated bdnf expression triggering neurotoxicity.Aug 31, 2023

Polystyrene nanoplastics induce apoptosis, histopathological damage, and glutathione metabolism disorder in the intestine.Nov 30, 2024

Polystyrene nanoplastics mediate skeletal toxicity through oxidative stress and the BMP pathway in zebrafish.Oct 14, 2024

PRKAA1 induces aberrant mitophagy in a PINK1/Parkin-dependent manner, contributing to fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity.Apr 14, 2023

Proteomics reveals that nanoplastics with different sizes induce hepatocyte apoptosis.Nov 30, 2024

Pulse modulated 900 MHz radiation inhibits thyroid hormone secretion and stimulates thyroid cell apoptosis.Dec 01, 2010

Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation induces apoptosis and oxidative stress in Zebrafish embryo by a non-thermal mechanismJun 15, 2018

Rats born to mothers who were exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields during pregnancy exhibited kidney defects and apoptosis in kidney tissue.Mar 01, 2015

Rats exposed to mobile phone radiation in utero exhibit elevated lipid peroxidation, DNA oxidation, and apoptosis, resulting in testicular abnormalities.Dec 01, 2013

Rats exposed to mobile phone radiation in utero have elevated biomarkers of oxidative stress and histopathological changes in heart tissue.Jan 01, 2015

Sodium fluoride causes oxidative stress and apoptosis in the mouse liver.Jun 26, 2017

Sodium fluoride induces apoptosis in mouse splenocytes by activating ROS-dependent NF-κB signaling.Dec 28, 2017

Sodium fluoride induces apoptosis in the kidney of rats through caspase-mediated pathways and DNA damage.Aug 31, 2014

The electromagnetic field in Wi-Fi frequency damages the inner ear and causes apoptosis.Dec 31, 2023

The footprints of mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in fluoride-induced renal dysfunction.Aug 31, 2024

Apoptotic

View the Evidence:
125 Abstracts with Apoptotic Research