thymoquinone https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/thymoquinone en Administration of thymoquinone reduced renal fibrosis and permeability and improved oxidative stress status. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/administration-thymoquinone-reduced-renal-fibrosis-and-permeability-and-improv n/a PMID:  Res Pharm Sci. 2017 Dec ;12(6):479-487. PMID: 29204176 Abstract Title:  Thymoquinone protects the rat kidneys against renal fibrosis. Abstract:  Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main active ingredient of Nigella sativa seeds with various pharmacological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TQ on renal fibrosis and permeability and oxidative stress status in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in male rats. Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups as follow: control (received normal saline), LPS (1 mg/kg/day), and LPS+TQ (by doses of 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg/day). After three weeks, the biochemical parameters such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in serum samples, oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol groups, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in renal tissue homogenate and renal permeability (evaluated by Evan's blue dye method) were measured and renal fibrosis was evaluated, histologically using Masson's trichrome staining. LPS administration induced renal fibrosis (1.49± 0.08 vs. 7.15 ± 0.18%) and significantly increased renal permeability (6.03 ± 1.05 vs. 13.5 ± 1.04 μg evans blue(EB)/g tissue), serum BUN and creatinine levels and oxidative stress marker (MDA) (P<0.05), while, it reduced anti-oxidative markers including total thiol group, SOD and CAT activities (P<0.05). Administration of TQ significantly improved these alterations which were dose-dependent in oxidative stress markers, renal permeability (TQ 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg: 10.7± 0.3, 9.2 ± 1.4 and 11.5 ± 0.6 μg EB/g tissue; respectively) and fibrosis (TQ 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg: 6.09 ± 0.7, 4.26 ± 0.14 and 2.52 ± 0.08%; respectively). In conclusion, administration of TQ reduced renal fibrosis and permeability and improved oxidative stress status. Thus, TQ can be considered in conditions accompanied with chronic inflammation at least as a part of treatment strategy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/administration-thymoquinone-reduced-renal-fibrosis-and-permeability-and-improv#comments Kidney Fibrosis Thymoquinone Anti-Fibrotic Antioxidants Anti-Fibrotic Antioxidants Kidney Fibrosis thymoquinone Animal Study Fri, 15 Dec 2017 15:06:23 +0000 greenmedinfo 157447 at https://greenmedinfo.com Forced inhibition of PDE1A expression might be a new therapeutic strategy for the management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/forced-inhibition-pde1a-expression-might-be-new-therapeutic-strategy-managemen n/a PMID:  Cell Signal. 2011 Jan ;23(1):152-60. Epub 2010 Aug 31. PMID: 20807569 Abstract Title:  Down-regulation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase PDE1A is the key event of p73 and UHRF1 deregulation in thymoquinone-induced acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell apoptosis. Abstract:  Thymoquinone (TQ), the active principle of Nigella sativa black seeds, has anti-proliferative properties on numerous cancer cell types. Others and we have previously reported that TQ acts as agent that triggers cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through either a p53- or p73-dependent pathway. However, the immediate targets recruited upon TQ-induced cytotoxicity have not yet been clearly identified. We therefore asked whether cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) could be involved in TQ-triggered pro-apoptotic reactivity; PDEs are regulators of intracellular levels of cyclic nucleotides and therefore can modulate cAMP and cGMP-dependent cell death pathways. Our results showed that TQ specifically repressed PDE1A expression in the acute lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cell line. This effect is concomitant with the previously described sequential deregulation of the expression of the tumor suppressor protein p73 and the epigenetic integrator UHRF1 (Ubiquitin-like, PHD Ring Finger 1). Interestingly, RNA-interference knock-down of PDE1A expression as well as decreased PDE1A expression induced growth inhibition of Jurkat cells, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through an activation of p73 and a repression of UHRF1. Conversely, PDE1A re-expression counteracted the cellular pro-apoptotic effects of TQ in association with a p73 repression and UHRF1 re-expression. Altogether, our results show that TQ induced an initial down-regulation of PDE1A with a subsequent down-regulation of UHRF1 via a p73-dependent mechanism. This study further proposes that PDE1A might be involved in the epigenetic code inheritance by regulating, via p73, the epigenetic integrator UHRF1. Our findings also suggest that a forced inhibition of PDE1A expression might be a new therapeutic strategy for the management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/forced-inhibition-pde1a-expression-might-be-new-therapeutic-strategy-managemen#comments Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) Thymoquinone Antineoplastic Agents Apoptotic Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) Antineoplastic Agents Apoptotic thymoquinone In Vitro Study Fri, 28 Apr 2017 20:00:03 +0000 greenmedinfo 146989 at https://greenmedinfo.com N. sativa and thymoquinone may prove clinically useful in the treatment of diabetics and in the protection of β-cells against oxidative stress. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/n-sativa-and-thymoquinone-may-prove-clinically-useful-treatment-diabetics-and- n/a PMID:  J Diabetes. 2010 Dec ;2(4):256-66. PMID: 20923501 Abstract Title:  Effects of Nigella sativa and thymoquinone on biochemical and subcellular changes in pancreaticβ-cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: The present study investigated the effects of Nigella sativa aqueous extract and oil, as well as thymoquinone, on serum insulin and glucose concentrations in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. METHODS: Rats were divided into five experimental groups (control, untreated STZ-diabetic, and aqueous extract-, oil-, or thymoquinone-treated diabetic rats). Treated rats received 2 mL/kg, i.p., 5%N. sativa extract, 0.2 mL/kg, i.p., N. sativa oil, or 3 mg/mL, i.p., thymoquinone 6 days/week for 30 days. Serum insulin and glucose concentrations, superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and pancreatic tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. Electron microscopy was used to identify any subcellular changes. RESULTS: Diabetes increased tissue MDA and serum glucose levels and decreased insulin and SOD levels. Treatment of rats with N. sativa extract and oil, as well as thymoquinone, significantly decreased the diabetes-induced increases in tissue MDA and serum glucose and significantly increased serum insulin and tissue SOD. Ultrastructurally, thymoquinone ameliorated most of the toxic effects of STZ, including segregated nucleoli, heterochromatin aggregates (indicating DNA damage), and mitochondrial vacuolization and fragmentation. The aqueous extract of N. sativa also reversed these effects of STZ, but to a lesser extent. The N. sativa oil restored normal insulin levels, but failed to decrease serum glucose concentrations to normal. CONCLUSIONS: The biochemical and ultrastructural findings suggest that N. sativa extract and thymoquinone have therapeutic and protect against STZ-diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress, thus preserving pancreaticβ-cell integrity. The hypoglycemic effect observed could be due to amelioration of β-cell ultrastructure, thus leading to increased insulin levels. Consequently, N. sativa and thymoquinone may prove clinically useful in the treatment of diabetics and in the protection of β-cells against oxidativestress. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/n-sativa-and-thymoquinone-may-prove-clinically-useful-treatment-diabetics-and-#comments Diabetes: Oxidative Stress Nigella sativa (aka Black Seed) Thymoquinone Antioxidants Malondialdehyde Down-regulation Pancreato Protective Agents Superoxide Dismutase Up-regulation Antioxidants Diabetes: Oxidative Stress Nigella sativa (aka Black Seed) Phytotherapy Plant Extracts thymoquinone Animal Study Fri, 28 Apr 2017 18:40:09 +0000 greenmedinfo 146983 at https://greenmedinfo.com Nigella sativa oil and thymoquinone maybe useful in amelioration of the intestinal toxicity associated with long-term cisplatin chemotherapy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/nigella-sativa-oil-and-thymoquinone-maybe-useful-amelioration-intestinal-toxic n/a PMID:  Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2018 Jan 4. Epub 2018 Jan 4. PMID: 29302711 Abstract Title:  Oral Nigella sativa oil and thymoquinone administration ameliorates the effect of long-term cisplatin treatment on the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, brush border membrane, and antioxidant defense in rat intestine. Abstract:  We have previously shown that oral administration of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) ameliorates the deleterious gastrointestinal effects of cisplatin (CP), administered as a single dose. Since a typical clinical CP dosing regimen involves multiple cycles of CP administration in lower doses, in the present study we investigate the protective efficacy of NSO and its major bioactive constituent, thymoquinone (TQ), against multiple-dose CP treatment-induced deleterious biochemical and histological changes in rat intestine. Rats were divided into six groups, viz., control, CP, CP+NSO, CP+TQ, NSO, and TQ. Animals in CP+NSO and CP+TQ groups were pre-administered NSO (2 ml/kg bwt, orally) and TQ (1.5 mg/kg bwt, orally), respectively, daily for 14 days and were then treated with five repeated doses of CP (3 mg/kg bwt, i.p.), every fourth day for 20 days while still receiving NSO/TQ. CP treatment alone led to a significant decline in specific activities of brush border membrane (BBM) enzymes while NSO or TQ administration to CP-treated rats significantly prevented the decline in BBM enzyme activities in the isolated brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) as well as in mucosal homogenates. Furthermore, both NSO and TQ administration markedly ameliorated CP-induced alterations on carbohydrate metabolism enzymes and the enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters of antioxidant defense system in the intestinal mucosa. However, NSO appeared to be more efficacious than TQ in protecting against CP-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction. Histopathological findingscorroborated the biochemical results. Thus, NSO and TQ may prove clinically useful in amelioration of the intestinal toxicity associated with long-term CP chemotherapy. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/nigella-sativa-oil-and-thymoquinone-maybe-useful-amelioration-intestinal-toxic#comments Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Cisplatin Nigella sativa (aka Black Seed) Thymoquinone Chemoprotective Agents Chemoprotective Agents Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Cisplatin Nigella sativa (aka Black Seed) thymoquinone Animal Study Tue, 09 Jan 2018 17:39:13 +0000 greenmedinfo 158242 at https://greenmedinfo.com These findings strongly suggest that the anti-inflammatory actions of Thymoquinone are caused by suppression of IRAK-linked AP-1/NF-κB pathways. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-findings-strongly-suggest-anti-inflammatory-actions-thymoquinone-are-cau n/a PMID:  Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 20 ;7:42995. Epub 2017 Feb 20. PMID: 28216638 Abstract Title:  Thymoquinone: An IRAK1 inhibitor with in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities. Abstract:  Thymoquinone (TQ) is a bioactive component of black seed (Nigella sativa) volatile oil and has been shown to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. In the present study, we explored the molecular mechanisms that underlie the anti-inflammatory effect of TQ and its target proteins using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage-like RAW264.7 and human monocyte-like U937 cells, together with LPS/D-galactosamine (GalN)-induced acute hepatitis and HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis mouse models. TQ strongly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and repressed NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β expression in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Treatment of LPS/D-GalN-induced hepatitis and EtOH/HCl-induced gastritis mouse models with TQ significantly ameliorated disease symptoms. Using luciferase reporter gene assays, we also showed thatthe nuclear levels of transcription factors and phosphorylation patterns of signaling proteins, activator protein (AP)-1, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathways were all affected by TQ treatment. Finally, we used additional kinase and luciferase validation assays with interleukin-1 receptor-associatedkinase 1 (IRAK1) to show that IRAK1 is directly suppressed by TQ treatment. Together, these findings strongly suggest that the anti-inflammatory actions of TQ are caused by suppression of IRAK-linked AP-1/NF-κB pathways. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-findings-strongly-suggest-anti-inflammatory-actions-thymoquinone-are-cau#comments Inflammation Thymoquinone Anti-Inflammatory Agents Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors Interleukin-1 beta downregulation Interleukin-6 Downregulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor Nitric Oxide Inhibitor Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Anti-Inflammatory Agents Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors Inflammation Interleukin-1 beta downregulation thymoquinone Animal Study In Vitro Study Wed, 15 Mar 2017 20:37:37 +0000 greenmedinfo 144862 at https://greenmedinfo.com Thymoquinone abolishes a number of factors known to be involved in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-abolishes-number-factors-known-be-involved-rheumatoid-arthritis-p n/a PMID:  J Cell Biochem. 2011 Jan ;112(1):107-17. PMID: 20872780 Abstract Title:  Elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of thymoquinone against rheumatoid arthritis. Abstract:  Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major active compound derived from the medicinal Nigella sativa. A few studies have shown that TQ exhibits anti-inflammatory activities in experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through mechanisms that are not fully understood. The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of TQ and to investigate its influence on the major signalling pathways involved in pathophysiological RA changes. We used isolated human RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and a rat adjuvant-induced arthritis model of RA. In isolated RA FLS, TQ (0-10 µM) was not cytotoxic and inhibited slightly lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced FLS proliferation and strongly H(2)O(2)-induced 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) generation. By studying different inflammatory and catabolic factors, we determined that TQ significantly abolished LPS-induced interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), metalloproteinase-13, cyclooxygenase-2, and prostaglandin E(2). Furthermore, LPS-induced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular-regulated kinases ½, and nuclear factor-kappaB-p65 were also blocked by TQ in time-dependent manner. In our experimental RA model, the oral administration of TQ 5 mg/kg/day significantly reduced the serum levels of HNE, IL-1β and TNFα as well as bone turnover markers, such as alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. The protective effects of TQ against RA werealso evident from the decrease in arthritis scoring and bone resorption. In conclusion, the fact that TQ abolishes a number of factors known to be involved in RA pathogenesis renders it a clinically valuable agent in the prevention of articular diseases, including RA. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-abolishes-number-factors-known-be-involved-rheumatoid-arthritis-p#comments Inflammation Rheumatoid Arthritis Thymoquinone Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antiproliferative Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors Interleukin-1 beta downregulation NF-kappaB Inhibitor Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antiproliferative Inflammation rheumatoid arthritis thymoquinone Animal Study Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:08:24 +0000 greenmedinfo 146987 at https://greenmedinfo.com Thymoquinone inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis and chemosensitizes human multiple myeloma cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-inhibits-proliferation-induces-apoptosis-and-chemosensitizes-huma n/a PMID:  Br J Pharmacol. 2010 Oct ;161(3):541-54. PMID: 20880395 Abstract Title:  Thymoquinone inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis and chemosensitizes human multiple myeloma cells through suppression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation pathway. Abstract:  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Constitutive activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway is frequently encountered in several human cancers including multiple myeloma (MM). Thus, agents that suppress STAT3 phosphorylation have a potential for treatment of MM. In the present report, we investigated whether thymoquinone (TQ), the main component isolated from the medicinal plant Nigella sativa, modulated the STAT3 signalling pathway in MM cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The effect of TQ on both constitutive and IL-6-induced STAT3 activation, associated protein kinases, STAT3-regulated gene products involved in proliferation, survival and angiogenesis, cellular proliferation and apoptosis in MM cells, was investigated. KEY RESULTS: We found that TQ inhibited both constitutive and IL-6-inducible STAT3 phosphorylation which correlated with the inhibition of c-Src and JAK2 activation. Vanadate reversed the TQ-induced down-regulation of STAT3 activation, suggesting the involvement of a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Indeed, we found that TQ can induce the expression of Src homology-2 phosphatase 2 that correlated with suppression of STAT3 activation. TQ also down-regulated the expression of STAT3-regulated gene products, such as cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, survivin, Mcl-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor. Finally, TQ induced the accumulation of cells in sub-G1 phase, inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis, as indicated by poly ADP ribose polymerase cleavage. TQ also significantly potentiated the apoptotic effects of thalidomide and bortezomib in MM cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Our study has identified STAT3 signalling as a target of TQ and has thus raised its potential application in the prevention and treatment of MM and other cancers. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-inhibits-proliferation-induces-apoptosis-and-chemosensitizes-huma#comments Multiple Myeloma Thymoquinone Antineoplastic Agents Antiproliferative Apoptotic Chemosensitizer Interleukin-6 Downregulation STAT3 Inhibitor Antineoplastic Agents Antiproliferative Apoptotic Multiple Myeloma thymoquinone In Vitro Study Fri, 28 Apr 2017 18:57:44 +0000 greenmedinfo 146984 at https://greenmedinfo.com Thymoquinone inhibits the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-inhibits-migration-and-invasion-cervical-cancer-cells n/a PMID:  Molecules. 2017 Dec 4 ;22(12). Epub 2017 Dec 4. PMID: 29207526 Abstract Title:  Thymoquinone Inhibits the Migration and Invasive Characteristics of Cervical Cancer Cells SiHa and CaSki In Vitro by Targeting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Associated Transcription Factors Twist1 and Zeb1. Abstract:  Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignant tumors worldwide, for which chemotherapeutic strategies are limited due to their non-specific cytotoxicity and drug resistance. The natural product thymoquinone (TQ) has been reported to target a vast number of signaling pathways in carcinogenesis in different cancers, and hence is regarded as a promising anticancer molecule. Inhibition of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators is an important approach in anticancer research. In this study, TQ was used to treat the cervical cancer cell lines SiHa and CaSki to investigate its effects on EMT-regulatory proteins and cancer metastasis. Our results showed that TQ has time-dependent and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects, and it also inhibits the migration and invasion processes in different cervical cancer cells. At the molecular level, TQ treatment inhibited the expression of Twist1, Zeb1 expression, and increased E-Cadherin expression. Luciferase reporter assay showed that TQ decreases the Twist1 and Zeb1 promoter activities respectively, indicating that Twist1 and Zeb1 might be the direct target of TQ. TQ also increased cellular apoptosis in some extent, but apoptotic genes/proteins we tested were not significant affected. We conclude that TQ inhibits the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells, probably via Twist1/E-Cadherin/EMT or/and Zeb1/E-Cadherin/EMT, among other signaling pathways. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-inhibits-migration-and-invasion-cervical-cancer-cells#comments Cervical Cancer Thymoquinone Anti-metastatic Anti-metastatic Cervical Cancer thymoquinone In Vitro Study Fri, 15 Dec 2017 14:58:06 +0000 greenmedinfo 157445 at https://greenmedinfo.com Thymoquinone is a promising agent in the treatment of head and neck cancer due to its anti-proliferative and radiosensitizing properties. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-promising-agent-treatment-head-and-neck-cancer-due-its-anti-proli n/a PMID:  Oncol Lett. 2017 Jul ;14(1):1147-1151. Epub 2017 May 17. PMID: 28693287 Abstract Title:  Effect of thymoquinone on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro: Synergism with radiation. Abstract:  Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main bioactive constituent present in black seed oil (Nigella sativa); it has shown anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic effects in various cancer cell types. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of TQ on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines, on its own and in combination with radiation and cisplatin, respectively. The SCC25 and CAL27 HNSCC cell lines were treated with TQ alone and in combination with cisplatin or radiation, respectively. Proliferation assays and clonogenic assays were performed. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. TQ exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity via apoptosis in the investigated cell lines. In combination with cisplatin, TQ resulted in no significant increase in cytotoxicity. Combined with radiation, TQ significantly reduced clonogenic survival compared with each treatment method alone. TQ is a promising agent in the treatment of head and neck cancer due to its anti-proliferative and radiosensitizing properties. However, the combination of TQ with cisplatin showed no therapeutic benefit in vitro. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-promising-agent-treatment-head-and-neck-cancer-due-its-anti-proli#comments Head and Neck Cancer Thymoquinone Antiproliferative Radiosensitizer Antiproliferative Head and Neck Cancer Radiosensitizer thymoquinone In Vitro Study Fri, 14 Jul 2017 18:39:31 +0000 greenmedinfo 150434 at https://greenmedinfo.com Thymoquinone may be considered for topical application alone in the treatment of acute otitis externa. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-may-be-considered-topical-application-alone-treatment-acute-otiti n/a PMID:  J Int Adv Otol. 2017 Dec 14. Epub 2017 Dec 14. PMID: 29283096 Abstract Title:  The Role of Topical Thymoquinone in the Treatment of Acute Otitis Externa; an Experimental Study in Rats. Abstract:  OBJECTIVE: The aim of this experimental study was to compare the dose-related effect of topical thymoquinone (TQ) with other topical agents used in the management of acute otitis externa (AOE) in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups each with eight rats per group. Group I was the control group with no external otitis, whereas external otitis were created in the other five groups (study groups). Dexamethasone, 0.1% TQ, 0.4% TQ, ciprofloxacin, and 0.9% saline (NaCl) drops was applied once daily in Groups II-VI, respectively. The treatment was administered regularly for 10 days. Pathologic and microbiologic evaluation were performed. Pathologically, the thicknesses of the stroma and the epithelium in the external auditory canal (EAC) were measured using an occulometer. Edema in the stroma, density of inflammatory cells and blood vessels, presence of fibroblasts, and changes in collagen fibers in the EAC were evaluated in five different areas to obtain the area of highest concentration and classified into four grades (0=no change, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe). RESULTS: The higher concentration of TQ (0.4%) was more effective than dexamethasone and 0.1% TQ with respect to antibacterial and the anti-inflammatory properties. CONCLUSION: TQ, particularly at a concentration of 0.4%, may be considered for topical application alone in the treatment of AOE, without any requirement for a combined treatment. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-may-be-considered-topical-application-alone-treatment-acute-otiti#comments Otitis Thymoquinone Anti-Bacterial Agents Anti-Inflammatory Agents Anti-Bacterial Agents Anti-Inflammatory Agents Otitis Superiority of Natural Substances versus Drugs thymoquinone Animal Study Tue, 09 Jan 2018 19:53:27 +0000 greenmedinfo 158254 at https://greenmedinfo.com Thymoquinone protects against cobalt chloride-induced neurotoxicity. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-protects-against-cobalt-chloride-induced-neurotoxicity n/a PMID:  J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2017 Oct-Dec;31(4):843-853. PMID: 29254287 Abstract Title:  Thymoquinone protects against cobalt chloride-induced neurotoxicity via Nrf2/GCL-regulated glutathione homeostasis. Abstract:  The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases worldwide has increased dramatically in the last decades. Hypoxia and oxidative stress play a central role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a monoterpenoid hydrocarbon compound that possesses potent antioxidant activity. In the current study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of TQ against CoCl2, a widely used hypoxia-inducing agent. We found that TQ inhibited CoCl2-indcued cytotoxicity in vitro, as reflected by an increase of cell viability and decrease of apoptosis in CoCl2-treated PC12 cells. TQ exhibited a potent protective effect against CoCl2-induced neurotoxicity in vivo, as evidenced by decreased time spent to find the platform site in the Probe trials, reduced escape latencies, decreased traveling distance and reduction of apoptotic cell death in brains in CoCl2-treated rats. CoCl2-resulted decrease of glutathione (GSH) and increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly inhibited by TQ. Inhibition of GSH synthesis by buthionine sulphoximine (BSO) significantly attenuated TQ-induced neuroprotective effects against CoCl2 in rats and in PC12 cells. TQ could upregulate nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLc) and Nrf2/glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLm) pathway which contributed to antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of TQ. In summary, we found that TQ exhibited protective effects against neurotoxicity via upregulation of Nrf2/GCL signaling. Upregulation of Nrf2/GCL signaling promoted the synthesis of GSH and contributed to attenuation of oxidative stress, neuronal cell apoptosis and neurotoxicity. These data have appointed a new path toward the understanding of the neuroprotective activities of TQ. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-protects-against-cobalt-chloride-induced-neurotoxicity#comments Neurodegenerative Diseases Thymoquinone Antioxidants Cobalt Neuroprotective Agents Nrf2 activation Antioxidants Cobalt Neurodegenerative diseases Neuroprotective Agents Nrf2 activation thymoquinone In Vitro Study Tue, 09 Jan 2018 19:25:04 +0000 greenmedinfo 158249 at https://greenmedinfo.com Thymoquinone use may decrease the destructive effects of methotrexate on testicular tissue of patients using this agent. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-use-may-decrease-destructive-effects-methotrexate-testicular-tiss n/a PMID:  Hum Exp Toxicol. 2011 Aug ;30(8):897-903. Epub 2010 Sep 2. PMID: 20813795 Abstract Title:  Protective effects of thymoquinone against methotrexate-induced testicular injury. Abstract:  Thymoquinone is the major active component derived from Nigella sativa. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist widely used in clinic. Aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of thymoquinone on testicular toxicity of methotrexate. Experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice (6 weeks old, 20± 2 g). The animals were divided into four groups with six mice in each group. Equivalent volumes of saline were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) in the control group. In the thymoquinone group, mice received thymoquinone i.p. with a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 4 days. Mice in the methotrexate groupreceived single dose of methotrexate i.p., with a dose of 20 mg/kg. Finally, in the methotrexate plus thymoquinone group, in the first and the following 3 days after methotrexate administration, thymoquinone was injected with a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, i.p. At the end of the experiment, the left testiswas quickly removed and divided into two parts for histological examination and biochemical analysis. Methotrexate alone increased total antioxidant capacity and myeloperoxidase activity compared to the controls. Thymoquinone treatment decreased total antioxidant capacity and prevented the increasein the myeloperoxidase activity. Light microscopy showed in mice that receiving methotrexate resulted in interstitial space dilatation, edema, severe disruption of the seminiferous epithelium and reduced diameter of the seminiferous tubules. Administration of thymoquinone reversed histological changes of methotrexate significantly. We suggest that thymoquinone use may decrease the destructive effects of methotrexate on testicular tissue of patients using this agent. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/thymoquinone-use-may-decrease-destructive-effects-methotrexate-testicular-tiss#comments Drug Toxicity: Methotrexate Lipid Peroxidation Oxidative Stress Thymoquinone Antioxidants Antioxidants Drug Toxicity: Methotrexate Lipid Peroxidation oxidative stress thymoquinone Animal Study Fri, 28 Apr 2017 19:29:05 +0000 greenmedinfo 146988 at https://greenmedinfo.com Treatment by Thymoquinone restores inflammation-induced liver fibrosis. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/treatment-thymoquinone-restores-inflammation-induced-liver-fibrosis n/a PMID:  Avicenna J Phytomed. 2017 Nov-Dec;7(6):502-510. PMID: 29299433 Abstract Title:  Thymoquinone restores liver fibrosis and improves oxidative stress status in a lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation model in rats. Abstract:  Objective: Liver fibrosis is the primary sign of chronic liver injury induced by various causes. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major ingredient of Nigella sativa with several beneficial effects on the body. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of TQ on liver fibrosis in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in male rats. Materials and methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10 in each group) as follow: (1) control; (2) LPS (1 mg/kg/day; i.p); (3) LPS+TQ 2 mg/kg/day (i.p) (LPs+TQ2); (4) LPS+TQ 5 mg/kg/day (LPS+TQ5); (5) LPS+ TQ 10 mg/kg/day (LPS+ TQ10). After three weeks, blood samples were taken for evaluation of liver function tests. Then, the livers were harvested for histological evaluation of fibrosis and collagen content and measurement of oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol groups, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity in tissue homogenates. Results: LPS group showed higher levels of fibrosis and collagen content stained by Masson's trichrome in liver tissue with impaired liver function test and increased oxidative stress markers (p<0.05). Treatment by TQ restored liver fibrosis, improved liver function tests and increased the levels of anti-oxidative enzymes (SOD and catalase), while reduced MDA concentration (p<0.05). Conclusion: Treatment by TQ restores inflammation-induced liver fibrosis possibly through affecting oxidative stress status. It seems that administration of TQ can be considered as a part of liver fibrosis management. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/treatment-thymoquinone-restores-inflammation-induced-liver-fibrosis#comments Fibrosis: Liver Inflammation Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity Thymoquinone Anti-Inflammatory Agents Anti-Inflammatory Agents Fibrosis: Liver Inflammation Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity thymoquinone Animal Study Tue, 09 Jan 2018 18:37:49 +0000 greenmedinfo 158243 at https://greenmedinfo.com