Antifungal Agents https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/Antifungal%20Agents en Eugenol represents a very interesting bioactive compound with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/eugenol-represents-very-interesting-bioactive-compound-broad-spectrum-antimicr n/a PMID:  Crit Rev Microbiol. 2017 Mar 27:1-22. Epub 2017 Mar 27. PMID: 28346030 Abstract Title:  Antimicrobial activity of eugenol and essential oils containing eugenol: A mechanistic viewpoint. Abstract:  Eugenol is a hydroxyphenyl propene, naturally occurring in the essential oils of several plants belonging to the Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, and Myristicaceae families. It is one of the major constituents of clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr.&L.M. Perry, Myrtaceae) oil and is largely used in both foods and cosmetics as a flavoring agent. A large body of recent scientific evidence supports claims from traditional medicine that eugenol exerts beneficial effects on human health. These effects are mainly associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Eugenol has also shown excellent antimicrobial activity in studies, being active against fungi and a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The aim of this review is to analyze scientific data from the main published studies describing the antibacterial and antifungal activities of eugenol targeting different kind of microorganisms, such as those responsible for human infectious diseases, diseases of the oral cavity, and food-borne pathogens. This article also reports the effects of eugenol on multi-drug resistant microorganisms. On the basis of this collected data, eugenol represents a very interesting bioactive compound with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against both planktonic and sessile cells belonging to food-decaying microorganisms and human pathogens. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/eugenol-represents-very-interesting-bioactive-compound-broad-spectrum-antimicr#comments Eugenol Fungus Diseases Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections Antifungal Agents Antimicrobial Antifungal Agents Antimicrobial eugenol Fungus Diseases Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections Review Mon, 10 Apr 2017 13:41:50 +0000 greenmedinfo 146104 at https://greenmedinfo.com Malaysian Aloe vera has a significant antifungal effect towards A. niger. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/malaysian-aloe-vera-has-significant-antifungal-effect-towards-niger n/a PMID:  Oman Med J. 2017 Jan ;32(1):41-46. PMID: 28042402 Abstract Title:  Antifungal Effect of Malaysian Aloe vera Leaf Extract on Selected Fungal Species of Pathogenic Otomycosis Species in In Vitro Culture Medium. Abstract:  OBJECTIVES: Aloe barbadensis miller or Aloe vera has been used for therapeutic purposes since ancient times with antifungal activity known to be amongst its medicinal properties. We conducted a pilot study to determine the antifungal properties of Malaysian Aloe vera leaf extract on otomycosis species including Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. METHODS: This laboratory-controlled prospective study was conducted at the Universiti Sains Malaysia. Extracts of Malaysian Aloe vera leaf was prepared in ethanol and solutions via the Soxhlet extraction method. Sabouraud dextrose agar cultured with the two fungal isolates were inoculated with the five different concentrations of each extract (50 g/mL, 25 g/mL, 12.5 g/mL, 6.25 g/mL, and 3.125 g/mL) using the well-diffusion method. Zone of inhibition was measured followed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). RESULTS: For A. niger, a zone of inhibition for alcohol and aqueous extract was seen for all concentrations except 3.125 g/mL. There was no zone of inhibition for both alcohol and aqueous extracts of Aloe vera leaf for C. albicans. The MIC values of aqueous and alcohol extracts were 5.1 g/mL and 4.4 g/mL for A. niger and since no zone of inhibition was obtained for C. albicans the MIC was not determined. CONCLUSIONS: The antifungal effect of alcohol extracts of Malaysian Aloe vera leaf is better than the aqueous extract for A. niger (p<0.001). Malaysian Aloe vera has a significant antifungal effect towards A. niger. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/malaysian-aloe-vera-has-significant-antifungal-effect-towards-niger#comments Aloe Vera Fungal Infection Antifungal Agents Aloe vera Antifungal Agents Fungal Infection Plant Extracts In Vitro Study Wed, 01 Feb 2017 18:20:33 +0000 greenmedinfo 142874 at https://greenmedinfo.com Sea buckthorn twig and leaf extracts targeted some of Candida spp. virulence factors essential for the establishment of the infection.. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/sea-buckthorn-twig-and-leaf-extracts-targeted-some-candida-spp-virulence-facto n/a PMID:  Microb Pathog. 2017 Jun ;107:372-379. Epub 2017 Apr 18. PMID: 28428132 Abstract Title:  Novel properties of Hippophae rhamnoides L. twig and leaf extracts - anti-virulence action and synergy with antifungals studied in vitro on Candida spp. model. Abstract:  Original, chemically characterized Sea buckthorn (SBT) twig and leaf extracts were in vitro studied in terms of anti-Candida activity. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts against C. albicans ATCC 10231 ranged: 250 μg/ml (twig), 31.5 μg/ml (leaf), and against C. glabrata G1 (clinical isolate) - 15.6 μg/ml (twig), 3.9 μg/ml (leaf). Next the extracts have been used at their subMIC. Both extracts significantly enhanced activity of fluconazole (FLC) and caspofungin (CAS) against C. albicans and increased their efficacy against C. glabrata, measured by an agar dilution assay combined with the E-test. The extracts inhibited C. albicans morphogenesissuch as germ tube and hyphae formation as well as invasion to the"Spider"Agar. Antiadhesive and anti-biofilm activities of the extracts were evaluated by Alamar Blue reduction assay. It showed not significant reduction in the degree of cell adhesion (by 10-15%) but noticeable decrease of biofilm formation (by 80% in the case of SBT-twig extract). In conclusion, this study provided the evidence that SBT extracts, used at non-cytotoxic concentrations for the fibroblasts (ICfrom 664.8 μg/ml to 1060.4 μg/ml), targeted some of Candida spp. virulence factors essential for the establishment of the infection. SBT twigs, previously regarded as waste material, were shown to be also a valuable source of the substances with promising antimicrobial activity. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/sea-buckthorn-twig-and-leaf-extracts-targeted-some-candida-spp-virulence-facto#comments Candida Albicans Candida Infection Sea buckthorn Antifungal Agents Antifungal Agents Candida Albicans Candida Infection Natural Substance/Drug Synergy Plant Extracts Sea buckthorn In Vitro Study Sat, 07 Apr 2018 15:52:11 +0000 greenmedinfo 162345 at https://greenmedinfo.com The experimental data suggest that the activities of M. paniculata essential oil are due to the synergistic action among its components. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/experimental-data-suggest-activities-m-paniculata-essential-oil-are-due-synerg n/a PMID:  Pharm Biol. 2017 Dec ;55(1):190-197. PMID: 27927082 Abstract Title:  Effects ofβ-caryophyllene and Murraya paniculata essential oil in the murine hepatoma cells and in the bacteria and fungi 24-h time-kill curve studies. Abstract:  CONTEXT: Orange Jessamine [Murraya paniculata L. (Rutaceae)] has been used worldwide in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antibiotic and analgesic. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic, antibacterial and antifungal activity and the time-kill curve studies of orange jessamine essential oil andβ-caryophyllene, as well as the chemical composition of the essential oil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cytotoxic activity of M. paniculata andβ-caryophyllene (7.8-500 μg/mL) was evaluated using the MTT assay on normal fibroblasts and hepatoma cells. The minimal inhibitory concentration and time-kill curves (24 h) were evaluated against those of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterococcus faecallis,Aspergillus (niger, fumigates and parasiticum) and F. solani by the broth microdilution method. The antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH and ABTS assays. Chemical composition was evaluated by GC/MS analyses. RESULTS: GC/MS analyses identified 13 compounds, withβ-caryophyllene as the major compound. The oil exhibited moderate antibacterial activity (MIC<1.0 mg/mL) and strong antifungal activity. Time-kill curve studies showed that either the essential oil or β-caryophyllene presented rapid bacterial killing (4 h for S. aureus) and fungicidal effect (2-4 h for F. solani); however, both displayed weak free radical scavenger capacity. The cytotoxic activity exhibited a prominent selective effect against hepatoma cancer cells (IC50 value =63.7 μg/mL) compared with normal fibroblasts (IC50 value =195.0 μg/mL), whereas the β-caryophyllene showed low cytotoxicity. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The experimental data suggest that the activities of M. paniculata essential oil are due to the synergistic action among its components. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/experimental-data-suggest-activities-m-paniculata-essential-oil-are-due-synerg#comments Aspergillosis Beta-Caryophyllene Enterococcus Infections Escherichia coli Infections Essential Oils: Unspecified Salmonella Infections Staphylococcus aureus infection Anti-Bacterial Agents Antifungal Agents Antioxidants Antifungal Agents Antioxidants Aspergillosis Beta-Caryophyllene Enterococcus Infections Essential Oils: Unspecified Phytotherapy Plant Extracts In Vitro Study Tue, 16 Jan 2018 16:18:02 +0000 greenmedinfo 158460 at https://greenmedinfo.com The pomegranate peel of the PTO8 cultivar is a good source of antifungal and antibacterial compounds. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/pomegranate-peel-pto8-cultivar-good-source-antifungal-and-antibacterial-compou n/a PMID:  J Sci Food Agric. 2017 Feb ;97(3):802-810. Epub 2016 Jun 9. PMID: 27173758 Abstract Title:  Antimicrobial activity of pomegranate peel extracts as affected by cultivar. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Some studies have reported that different parts of the pomegranate fruit, especially the peel, may act as potential antimicrobial agents and thus might be proposed as a safe natural alternative to synthetic antimicrobial agents. The high tannin content, especially punicalagin, found in pomegranate extracts, has been reported as the main compound responsible for such antimicrobial activity. Because the pomegranate peel chemical composition may vary with the type of cultivar (sweet, sour-sweet and sour), pomegranates may also differ with respect to their antimicrobial capacity. RESULTS: The extract from PTO8 pomegranate cultivar peel had the highest antimicrobial activity, as well as the highest punicalagins (α and β) and ellagic acid concentrations. In the results obtained from both antibacterial and antifungal activity studies, the sour-sweet pomegranate cultivar PTO8 showed the best antimicrobial activity, and the highest ellagic acid concentrations. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study suggest that ellagic acid content has a significant influence on the antimicrobial activity of the pomegranate extracts investigated. The pomegranate peel of the PTO8 cultivar is a good source of antifungal and antibacterial compounds, and may represent an alternative to antimicrobial agents of synthetic origin.© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/pomegranate-peel-pto8-cultivar-good-source-antifungal-and-antibacterial-compou#comments Pomegranate Peel Antifungal Agents Antimicrobial Antifungal Agents Antimicrobial Plant Extracts Pomegranate Peel In Vitro Study Thu, 19 Jan 2017 23:18:53 +0000 greenmedinfo 142275 at https://greenmedinfo.com