Interleukin-4 downregulation https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/Interleukin-4%20downregulation en Adlay bran extract reduced the release of histamines and cytokines and suppressed the production of Akt. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/adlay-bran-extract-reduced-release-histamines-and-cytokines-and-suppressed-pro n/a PMID:  J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 May 7 ;141(1):119-27. Epub 2012 Feb 14. PMID: 22353428 Abstract Title:  Inhibitory effects of adlay bran (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) on chemical mediator release and cytokine production in rat basophilic leukemia cells. Abstract:  ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Adlay (Job's tears, Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) has long been used in China to treat rheumatism. AIM OF THE STUDY: We investigated the anti-allergic effects of adlay bran on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the anti-allergic effects of adlay bran, the release of histamines and cytokines were measured using ELISA. To explore the mechanism of these effects, the protein expression levels were determined using western blotting. RESULTS: A 40.8μg/mL concentration of the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanolic extracts of adlay bran (ABE-EtOAc) effectively inhibited mast cell degranulation. The 40-100% EtOAc/Hex subfractions of ABE-EtOAc inhibited histamine release with an IC(50) of 71-87μg/mL. Moreover, the ABE-EtOAc subfractions suppressed the secretion of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the RBL-2H3 cells, indicating that adlay bran can inhibit cytokine secretion in the late phase of the allergic reaction. In addition, adlay bran reduced the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and decreased the expression of protein kinase C. Furthermore, six phenolic acids and one flavone were isolated. Of these compounds, luteolin showed the most potent inhibitory activity (IC(50)=1.5μg/mL). CONCLUSION: Adlay bran extract reduced the release of histamines and cytokines and suppressed the production of Akt. These combined effects influenced the signal transduction in RBL-2H3 cells, thereby revealing the mechanisms of the anti-allergic effects of adlay. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/adlay-bran-extract-reduced-release-histamines-and-cytokines-and-suppressed-pro#comments Adlay Leukemia Anti-Allergic Agents Interleukin-4 downregulation Interleukin-6 Downregulation Protein Kinase Inhibitors Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Adlay Anti-Allergic Agents Interleukin-4 downregulation leukemia Phytotherapy Plant Extracts Animal Study Sat, 21 Apr 2018 00:05:04 +0000 greenmedinfo 163104 at https://greenmedinfo.com Baicalein could be developed into a novel drug for clinical treatment of ICH and ICH-related brain injuries. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-could-be-developed-novel-drug-clinical-treatment-ich-and-ich-related n/a PMID:  Neurochem Res. 2017 Jan 21. Epub 2017 Jan 21. PMID: 28108850 Abstract Title:  Baicalein Promotes Neuronal and Behavioral Recovery After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Via Suppressing Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. Abstract:  Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is an important public health problem in neurology, which is not only associated with high mortality but also leading to disability. Yet no satisfactory treatment has been developed. The secondary injury that resulted from a number of self-destructive processes such as neuroinflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress, is the key factor contributing to ICH-induced brain damage. Baicalein has been proved to improve neuronal functional recovery in rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage and ischemic brain damage. To investigate the effect of baicalein on ICH and its underlying mechanism, a collagenase-induced ICH rat model was performed. Baicalein treatment significantly decreased neurological severity score at day 1 and 3 after ICH injury. Our results showed that the lesion volume, the brain water content, the expression levels of four pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-6 and TNF-α) and the numbers of apoptotic cells were reduced significantly in ICH rats receiving baicalein treatment, especially in 50 mg/kg baicalein-treated group. Moreover, baicalein increased SOD and GSH-Px activities and down-regulated MDA level of brain tissues in rats. Theseresults suggested that the therapeutic efficacy of baicalein on repairing brain damage is probably caused by suppressing apoptosis, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Baicalein could be developed into a novel drug for clinical treatment of ICH and ICH-related brain injuries. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/baicalein-could-be-developed-novel-drug-clinical-treatment-ich-and-ich-related#comments Baicalein Intracerebral Hemorrhage Anti-Inflammatory Agents Interleukin-4 downregulation Interleukin-6 Downregulation Neuroprotective Agents Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor Anti-Inflammatory Agents Baicalein Interleukin-4 downregulation Intracerebral Hemorrhage Animal Study Thu, 26 Jan 2017 20:38:19 +0000 greenmedinfo 142618 at https://greenmedinfo.com