HIV Infections https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/HIV%20Infections en A compound from Justicia gendarussa was shown to possess a significantly higher inhibition effect than the clinically used anti-HIV drug azidothymidine. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/compound-justicia-gendarussa-was-shown-possess-significantly-higher-inhibition n/a PMID:  J Nat Prod. 2017 Jun 14. Epub 2017 Jun 14. PMID: 28613071 Abstract Title:  Potent Inhibitor of Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Strains Identified from the Medicinal Plant Justicia gendarussa. Abstract:  Justicia gendarussa, a medicinal plant collected in Vietnam, was identified as a potent anti-HIV-1 active lead from the evaluation of over 4500 plant extracts. Bioassay-guided separation of the extracts of the stems and roots of this plant led to the isolation of an anti-HIV arylnaphthalene lignan (ANL) glycoside, patentiflorin A (1). Evaluation of the compound against both the M- and T-tropic HIV-1 isolates showed it to possess a significantly higher inhibition effect than the clinically used anti-HIV drug AZT. Patentiflorin A and two congeners were synthesized, de novo, as an efficient strategy for resupply as well as for further structural modification of the anti-HIV ANL glycosides in the search for drug leads. Subsequently, it was determined that the presence of a quinovopyranosyloxy group in the structure is likely essential to retain the high degree of anti-HIV activity of this type of compounds. Patentiflorin A was further investigated against the HIV-1 gene expression of the R/U5 and U5/gag transcripts, and the data showed that the compound acts as a potential inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcription. Importantly, the compound displayed potent inhibitory activity against drug-resistant HIV-1 isolates of both the nucleotide analogue (AZT) and non-nucleotide analogue (nevaripine). Thus, the ANL glycosides have the potential to be developed as novel anti-HIV drugs. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/compound-justicia-gendarussa-was-shown-possess-significantly-higher-inhibition#comments HIV Infections Justicia gendarussa Anti-Retroviral Agents Anti-Retroviral Agents HIV Infections Justicia gendarussa Superiority of Natural Substances versus Drugs In Vitro Study Thu, 15 Jun 2017 16:18:04 +0000 greenmedinfo 149175 at https://greenmedinfo.com Justiprocumin B displayed potent activity against a broad spectrum of HIV strains. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/justiprocumin-b-displayed-potent-activity-against-broad-spectrum-hiv-strains n/a PMID:  Phytochemistry. 2017 Apr ;136:94-100. Epub 2017 Jan 19. PMID: 28110956 Abstract Title:  Anti-HIV diphyllin glycosides from Justicia gendarussa. Abstract:  In a search for new anti-HIV active leads from over several thousands of plant extracts, we have identified a potent plant lead. The active plant is determined as Justicia gendarussa (Acanthaceae), a medicinal plant that has been used for the treatment of injury, arthritis and rheumatism in Asia including China. Our bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of the stems and barks of the plant led to the isolation of two anti-HIV compounds, justiprocumins A and B. The compounds are identified as new arylnaphthalide lignans (ANL) glycosides. We further determined that the ANL glycosides are the chemical constituents that contribute to the anti-HIV activity of this plant. Justiprocumin B displayed potent activity against a broad spectrum of HIV strains with IC50 values in the range of 15-21 nM (AZT, IC50 77-95 nM). The compound also displayed potent inhibitory activity against the NRTI (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor)-resistant isolate (HIV-11617-1) of the analogue (AZT) as well as the NNRTI (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor)-resistant isolate (HIV-1N119) of the analogue (nevaripine). https://greenmedinfo.com/article/justiprocumin-b-displayed-potent-activity-against-broad-spectrum-hiv-strains#comments HIV Infections Justicia gendarussa Anti-HIV Agents Anti-Retroviral Agents Anti-HIV Agents Anti-Retroviral Agents HIV Infections Justicia gendarussa In Vitro Study Thu, 15 Jun 2017 16:48:26 +0000 greenmedinfo 149178 at https://greenmedinfo.com This data suggests that aspartame may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk in HIV. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/data-suggests-aspartame-may-contribute-cardiovascular-disease-risk-hiv n/a PMID:  Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017 ;4(2):ofx083. Epub 2017 Apr 24. PMID: 28695142 Abstract Title:  Aspartame Intake Relates to Coronary Plaque Burden and Inflammatory Indices in Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Dietary sweeteners may contribute to metabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but this has not been assessed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS: One hundred twenty-four HIV-infected and 56 non-HIV-infected participants, without history of known coronary artery disease were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a 4-day food record. Coronary plaque was determined using cardiac computed tomography angiography. RESULTS: Human immunodeficiency virus-infected participants had significantly greater intake of dietary sweeteners, including total sugar (P = .03) and added sugar (P = .009); intake of aspartame (artificial sweetener) was greater among aspartame consumers with HIV versus non-HIV consumers (P = .03). Among HIV-infected participants, aspartame intake was significantly associated with coronary plaque (P = .002) and noncalcified plaque (P = .007) segments, as well as markers of inflammation/immune activation (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2), which may contribute to increased atherogenesis. In multivariable regression modeling, aspartame remained an independent predictor of plaque in HIV. In contrast, among non-HIV-infected participants, no sweetener type was shown to relate to plaque characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate increased intake of dietary sweeteners and a potential novel association between aspartame intake, plaque burden, and inflammation in HIV. Our data suggest that aspartame may contribute to CVD risk in HIV. Further studies should address potential mechanisms by which aspartame may contribute to increased plaque burden and cardiovascular benefits of dietary strategies targeting aspartame intake in HIV. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/data-suggests-aspartame-may-contribute-cardiovascular-disease-risk-hiv#comments Cardiovascular Diseases HIV Infections Inflammation Aspartame aspartame Cardiovascular Diseases HIV Infections Increased Risk Inflammation Human Study Tue, 08 Aug 2017 16:04:13 +0000 greenmedinfo 151308 at https://greenmedinfo.com