Coronary Artery Disease https://greenmedinfo.com/category/keywords/Coronary%20Artery%20Disease en A review of Panax notoginseng saponins for treating coronary artery disease. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-panax-notoginseng-saponins-treating-coronary-artery-disease n/a PMID:  Front Pharmacol. 2017 ;8:702. Epub 2017 Oct 17. PMID: 29089889 Abstract Title:  Saponins for Treating Coronary Artery Disease: A Functional and Mechanistic Overview. Abstract:  Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health problem and the chief cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide., a valuable herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with obvious efficacy and favorable safety, shows a great promise as a novel option for CAD and is increasingly recognized clinically. Firstly, this review introduced recent clinical trials on treatment with PNS either alone or in combination with conventional drugs as novel treatment strategies. Then we discussed the mechanisms of and saponins (PNS), which can regulate signaling pathways associated with inflammation, lipid metabolism, the coagulation system, apoptosis, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and myocardial ischaemia. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/review-panax-notoginseng-saponins-treating-coronary-artery-disease#comments Coronary Artery Disease Panax Notoginseng Anti-Inflammatory Agents Hypolipidemic Anti-Inflammatory Agents Coronary Artery Disease Hypolipidemic Panax Notoginseng Review Fri, 02 Mar 2018 07:33:33 +0000 greenmedinfo 160623 at https://greenmedinfo.com Association of vitamin D deficiency and degree of coronary artery disease in cardiac patients with type 2 diabetes. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/association-vitamin-d-deficiency-and-degree-coronary-artery-disease-cardiac-pa n/a PMID:  J Diabetes Res. 2017 ;2017:3929075. Epub 2017 Nov 2. PMID: 29230421 Abstract Title:  Association of Vitamin D Deficiency and Degree of Coronary Artery Disease in Cardiac Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Abstract:  Several modifiable factors may influence cardiac function in diabetic patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of vitamin D level on the stage of coronary atherosclerosis in cardiac patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The study was performed in 337 consecutive patients undergoing coronarography. The stage of atherosclerosis was evaluated using Coronary Artery Surgery Study Score. The plasma 25(OH)D concentration was determined by an electrochemiluminescence method. Patients without significant lesions in coronary arteries presented the highest 25(OH)D level, significantly higher than patients with one-, two-, and three-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) (p<0.01). Significantly lower level of the 25(OH)D was observed in patients hospitalized due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in comparison to patients hospitalized due to stable CAD (p<0.001). Lower 25(OH)D levels were observed in patients with the history of myocardial infarction (MI) in comparison to patients without previous MI (p<0.001). In cardiac patients with diabetes, the higher number of stenotic coronary arteries is associated with lower values of the 25(OH)D. A group of male cardiac patients with diabetes with significant stenosis in three coronary arteries, hospitalized due to acute coronary syndrome, with a history of previous MI and hyperlipidemia presented the lowest vitamin D level. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/association-vitamin-d-deficiency-and-degree-coronary-artery-disease-cardiac-pa#comments Atherosclerosis Coronary Artery Disease Diabetic Complications Vitamin D Vitamin D Deficiency Atherosclerosis Coronary Artery Disease Diabetic Complications VITAMIN D Vitamin D Deficiency Human Study Fri, 15 Dec 2017 17:02:26 +0000 greenmedinfo 157464 at https://greenmedinfo.com Consumption of nuts was associated with a 13% to 19% lower risk of total cardiovascular disease and 15% to 23% lower risk of coronary heart disease. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/consumption-nuts-was-associated-13-19-lower-risk-total-cardiovascular-disease- n/a PMID:  J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Nov 14 ;70(20):2519-2532. PMID: 29145952 Abstract Title:  Nut Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Abstract:  BACKGROUND: The associations between specific types of nuts, specifically peanuts and walnuts, and cardiovascular disease remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: The authors sought to analyze the associations between the intake of total and specific types of nuts and cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and stroke risk. METHODS: The authors included 76,364 women from the Nurses' Health Study (1980 to 2012), 92,946 women from the Nurses' Health Study II (1991 to 2013), and 41,526 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986 to 2012) who were free of cancer, heart disease, and stroke at baseline. Nut consumption was assessed using food frequency questionnaires at baseline and was updated every 4 years. RESULTS: During 5,063,439 person-years of follow-up, the authors documented 14,136 incident cardiovascular disease cases, including 8,390 coronary heart disease cases and 5,910 stroke cases. Total nut consumption was inversely associated with total cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. The pooled multivariable hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease among participants who consumed 1 serving of nuts (28 g) 5 or more times per week, compared with the reference category (never or almost never), were 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.79 to 0.93; p for trend = 0.0002) and 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.72 to 0.89; p for trend <0.001), respectively. Consumption of peanuts and tree nuts (2 or more times/week) and walnuts (1 or more times/week) was associated with a 13% to 19% lower risk of total cardiovascular disease and 15% to 23% lower risk of coronary heart disease. CONCLUSIONS: In 3 large prospective cohort studies, higher consumption of total and specific types of nuts was inversely associated with total cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/consumption-nuts-was-associated-13-19-lower-risk-total-cardiovascular-disease-#comments Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Artery Disease Nuts: All Peanuts Walnut Cardioprotective Cardioprotective Coronary Artery Disease Meta Analysis Nuts: All Peanuts Risk Reduction. Cardiovascular Diseases Walnut Thu, 18 Jan 2018 03:05:58 +0000 greenmedinfo 158538 at https://greenmedinfo.com Geum joponicum extracts may provide a novel therapeutic method for effective treatment of chronic coronary heart disease. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/geum-joponicum-extracts-may-provide-novel-therapeutic-method-effective-treatme n/a PMID:  Sci Rep. 2014 Feb 4 ;4:3962. Epub 2014 Feb 4. PMID: 24492623 Abstract Title:  Reconstitution of coronary vasculature by an active fraction of Geum japonicum in ischemic hearts. Abstract:  Chronic coronary heart disease (cCHD) is characterized by atherosclerosis, which progressively narrows the coronary artery lumen and impairs myocardial blood flow. Restoration of occluded coronary vessels with newly formed collaterals remains an ideal therapeutic approach due to the need for redirecting blood flow into the ischemic heart. In this study, we investigated the effect of an active fraction isolated from Geum joponicum (AFGJ) on angiogenesis in cCHD hearts. Our results demonstrated that AFGJ not only enhanced capillary tube formation of endothelial cells, but also promoted the growth of new coronary collaterals (at the diameter 0.021-0.21 mm) in the ischemic region of hearts in rat cCHD model. Our study also indicated that the growth of new collaterals in ischemic hearts resulted in improved functional recovery of the cCHD hearts as demonstrated by ECG and echocardiography analyses. These data suggest that AFGJ may provide a noveltherapeutic method for effective treatment of cCHD. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/geum-joponicum-extracts-may-provide-novel-therapeutic-method-effective-treatme#comments Atherosclerosis Coronary Artery Disease Geum japonicum Myocardial Infarction Cardioprotective Atherosclerosis Cardioprotective Coronary Artery Disease Geum japonicum Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Regeneration Plant Extracts Animal Study Tue, 08 Aug 2017 16:21:44 +0000 greenmedinfo 151309 at https://greenmedinfo.com These findings demonstrated that MedDiet intervention significantly reduced dietary inflammation scores compared to a low-fat diet. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-findings-demonstrated-meddiet-intervention-significantly-reduced-dietary n/a PMID:  Nutr Res. 2018 Apr 14. Epub 2018 Apr 14. PMID: 29754829 Abstract Title:  Randomization to 6-month Mediterranean diet compared with a low-fat diet leads to improvement in Dietary Inflammatory Index scores in patients with coronary heart disease: the AUSMED Heart Trial. Abstract:  A higher dietary inflammatory index (DII®) score is associated with inflammation and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). We hypothesized that a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention would reduce DII score. We assessed dietary data from a randomized controlled trial comparing 6-month MedDiet versus low-fat diet intervention, inpatients with CHD. We aimed to determine the DII scores of the prescribed diets' model meal plans, followed by whether dietary intervention led to lower (i.e., more anti-inflammatory) DII scores and consequently lower high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (hs-IL-6). DII scores were calculated from 7-day food diaries. The MedDiet meal plan had a markedly lower DII score than the low-fat diet meal plan (-4.55 vs. -0.33, respectively). In 56 participants who completed the trial (84% male, mean age 62 ± 9 years), the MedDiet group significantly reduced DII scores at6 months (n = 27; -0.40 ± 3.14 to -1.74 ± 2.81, P = .008) and the low-fat diet group did not change (n = 29; -0.17 ± 2.27 to 0.05 ± 1.89, P = .65). There was a significant post-intervention adjusted difference in DII score between groups (compared to low-fat, MedDiet decreased by -1.69 DII points; P = .004). When compared to the low-fat diet, the MedDiet non-significantly reduced hs-IL-6 (-0.32 pg/mL, P = .29) and increased hs-CRP (+0.09 mg/L, P = .84). These findings demonstrated that MedDiet intervention significantly reduced DII scores compared to a low-fat diet. However, in this small cohort of patients with CHD this did not translate to a significant improvement in measured inflammatory markers. The effect of improvement in DII with MedDiet should be tested in larger intervention trials and observational cohorts. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/these-findings-demonstrated-meddiet-intervention-significantly-reduced-dietary#comments Coronary Artery Disease Anti-Inflammatory Agents Dietary Modification: Mediterranean Diet Anti-Inflammatory Agents Coronary Artery Disease Dietary Modification: Mediterranean Diet Human Study Thu, 31 May 2018 21:53:07 +0000 greenmedinfo 165051 at https://greenmedinfo.com Trans fatty acids may affect plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary artery disease. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/trans-fatty-acids-may-affect-plaque-vulnerability-patients-coronary-artery-dis n/a PMID:  Atherosclerosis. 2017 Jun 28. Epub 2017 Jun 28. PMID: 28697847 Abstract Title:  The impact of serum trans fatty acids concentration on plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary artery disease: Assessment via optical coherence tomography. Abstract:  BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Recent epidemiological studies have showed that excessive intake of trans fatty acids (TFA) can be a residual risk for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) even under medical management, including statins. This study aimed at investigating the association between lipid profile, including serum TFA concentration, and plaque vulnerability using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: The level of serum elaidic acid, a major TFA component, was measured using gas chromatography in 161 consecutively enrolled patients with CAD under guideline-directed risk factor management. OCT was performed to evaluate morphological features of angiographic intermediate stenosis (30% < diameter of stenosis<70%). OCT data were also used to measure lipid index (LI), defined as mean lipid arc multiplied by lipid length, and determine the presence of thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), defined as a lipid-rich plaque with the smallest fibrous cap thickness<65 μm and the maximal arc>90°. RESULTS: Among 190 lesions assessed using OCT, 49 TCFAs were detected. In patients with at least one TCFA lesion, levels of elaidic acid (12.9 ± 4.9 vs. 10.3 ± 4.3 μmol/L, p = 0.001), triglycerides (169 ± 81 vs. 130 ± 60 mg/dL, p = 0.005), and remnant-like particle cholesterol (10.4 ± 6.5 vs. 7.7 ± 4.7 mg/dL, p = 0.005) were higher than in those without TCFAs. Generalized estimating equations identified elaidicacid level as the independent risk factor of TCFA. LI had a positive correlation with elaidic acid level (r = 0.173, p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: TFA may affect plaque vulnerability in patients with CAD. Serum TFA concentration may represent another cardiovascular risk factor during conventional risk factor management. https://greenmedinfo.com/article/trans-fatty-acids-may-affect-plaque-vulnerability-patients-coronary-artery-dis#comments Coronary Artery Disease Trans Fatty Acids Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors Trans Fatty Acids Human Study Wed, 19 Jul 2017 23:35:46 +0000 greenmedinfo 150710 at https://greenmedinfo.com