Food Colorings

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21 Diseases Researched for Food Colorings
NameACCKFocus
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity1159Locked
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder440Locked
Autism120Locked
Food Allergies211Locked
Hyperkinetic Syndrome211Locked
Anaphylaxis110Locked
Chemically-Induced Liver Damage110Locked
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis110Locked
Oxidative Stress36Locked
DNA damage25Locked
Prenatal Chemical Exposures14Locked
Asthma23Locked
Allergies12Locked
Breast Cancer12Locked
Colitis12Locked
Inflammation12Locked
Angioedema11Locked
Colorectal Cancer11Locked
Excitotoxicity 11Locked
Neurodevelopmental Disorders11Locked
Urticaria11Locked
6 Adverse Pharmacological Actions Researched for Food Colorings
NameACCKFocus
Cytotoxic110Locked
Hepatotoxic110Locked
Genotoxic12Locked
Mutagenic12Locked
Gastrotoxic11Locked
Neurotoxic11Locked
Related Topics

The Following are Sub-Topics of Food Colorings

View the Evidence:
42 Abstracts with Food Colorings Research

[+]

A study conducted at Southampton University in England found a link between food dyes and hyperactive behavior in children.Dec 31, 2019

Pubmed Data : Adv Neurobiol. 2020 ;24:481-504. PMID: 32006369
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2019
Study Type : Meta Analysis
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Autism
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

A case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis has been reported in connection to an artificial coloring agent.. May 01, 1994

Pubmed Data : J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994 May;30(5 Pt 2):854-5. PMID: 8169261
Article Published Date : May 01, 1994
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Artificial colours or a sodium benzoate preservative (or both) in the diet result in increased hyperactivity in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the general population.Nov 03, 2007

Pubmed Data : Lancet. 2007 Nov 3;370(9598):1560-7. PMID: 17825405
Article Published Date : Nov 03, 2007
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Problem Substances : Food Colorings, Sodium Benzoate
[+]

Artificial food coloring exposure may affect brainwave activity and ADHD symptoms in college students with ADHD.Dec 31, 2021

Pubmed Data : Nutr Neurosci. 2022 Jan ;25(1):159-168. Epub 2020 Mar 1. PMID: 32116139
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2021
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Artificial food colors and attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms.Jun 30, 2012

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Neurotherapeutics. 2012 Jul ;9(3):599-609. PMID: 22864801
Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2012
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Artificial food colouring is associated with hyperactivity symptoms in children.Oct 01, 2009

Pubmed Data : Prescrire Int. 2009 Oct;18(103):215. PMID: 19882794
Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2009
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Artificial food colouring is associated with neurobehavioral toxicity in children with hyperactive syndromes. Dec 01, 2004

Pubmed Data : J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2004 Dec;25(6):423-34. PMID: 15613992
Article Published Date : Dec 01, 2004
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Artificial food colourings and benzoate preservative are associated with hyperactivity in children. Jun 01, 2004

Pubmed Data : Arch Dis Child. 2004 Jun;89(6):506-11. PMID: 15155391
Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2004
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Food Allergies
Problem Substances : Food Colorings, Sodium Benzoate
[+]

Certified food dyes in over the counter medicines and supplements marketed for children and pregnant women.Aug 31, 2020

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 Sep ;143:111499. Epub 2020 Jun 27. PMID: 32599104
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2020
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : FD&C Red #40, Food Colorings
[+]

Exposure estimate for FD&C colour additives for the US population.Apr 30, 2016

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2016 May ;33(5):782-97. Epub 2016 May 10. PMID: 27092991
Article Published Date : Apr 30, 2016
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : FD&C Red #40, Food Colorings
[+]

Patients with recurrent urticaria and angio-edema show significant improvement when they refrain from using aspirin, benzoates and azo dyes. Jul 01, 1976

Pubmed Data : Br J Dermatol. 1976 Jul;95(1):19-24. PMID: 952737
Article Published Date : Jul 01, 1976
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Aspirin , Azo Dyes, Food Colorings, Sodium Benzoate
[+]

Tartrazine has been reported as the cause of a case of anaphylaxis. Feb 01, 1981

Pubmed Data : Ann Allergy. 1981 Feb;46(2):81-2. PMID: 7469134
Article Published Date : Feb 01, 1981
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Anaphylaxis
Problem Substances : Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

The elimination of artificial flavors, colors and natural salicylates significantly reduces symptoms of hyperkinesis in children. Aug 01, 1976

Pubmed Data : Pediatrics. 1976 Aug;58(2):154-66. PMID: 781610
Article Published Date : Aug 01, 1976
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Hyperkinetic Syndrome
Problem Substances : Artificial Flavors, Food Colorings
[+]

The presence of food preservatives and artifical food colourings in the diet may play a significant role in the etiology of ADHD in children. May 01, 1994

Pubmed Data : Ann Allergy. 1994 May;72(5):462-8. PMID: 8179235
Article Published Date : May 01, 1994
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Problem Substances : Food Colorings, Preservatives
[+]

Acid violet 7 and its biodegradation products induce chromosome aberrations, lipid peroxidation, and cholinesterase inhibition in mouse bone marrow.Aug 01, 2010

Pubmed Data : Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2010 Aug;17(7):1371-8. Epub 2010 Apr 6. PMID: 20369386
Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2010
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Acid Violet
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Genotoxic, Mutagenic
[+]

Ameliorating efficacy of eugenol against metanil yellow induced toxicity.Feb 06, 2019

Pubmed Data : Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Feb 7 ;126:34-40. Epub 2019 Feb 7. PMID: 30738991
Article Published Date : Feb 06, 2019
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Hepatoprotective, Renoprotective
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Ameliorative effects of crocin on tartrazine dye-induced pancreatic adverse effects.Aug 31, 2020

Pubmed Data : Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Sep 1. Epub 2020 Sep 1. PMID: 32870427
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2020
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Crocin
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Pancreato Protective Agents
Problem Substances : Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

Brilliant Blue FCF (FD&C Blue #1) is classified as a hazardous triphenylmethane dye - Article 2. Jan 01, 2006

Pubmed Data : J Colloid Interface Sci. 2006 Jan 1;293(1):16-26. Epub 2005 Jul 22. PMID: 16040036
Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2006
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : FD&C Blue
[+]

Developmental toxicity and psychotoxicity of FD and C red dye No. 40 (allura red AC) in rats.Dec 31, 1982

Pubmed Data : Toxicology. 1983 ;28(3):207-17. PMID: 6636206
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 1982
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Prenatal Chemical Exposures
Problem Substances : FD&C Red #40, Food Colorings
[+]

Food coloring agents exhibit toxicity in rats. May 01, 1977

Pubmed Data : J Nutr. 1977 May;107(5):822-8. PMID: 859044
Article Published Date : May 01, 1977
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Ginkgo biloba extract protects against tartrazine-induced testicular toxicity.Jan 31, 2024

Pubmed Data : Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Feb ;31(10):15065-15077. Epub 2024 Jan 29. PMID: 38286926
Article Published Date : Jan 31, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Ginkgo biloba
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Apoptotic, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants
Additional Keywords : Plant Extracts
Problem Substances : Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

IFN-γ+ cytotoxic CD4+ T lymphocytes are involved in the pathogenesis of colitis induced by IL-23 and the food colorant Red 40.Jun 30, 2022

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Cell Mol Immunol. 2022 Jul ;19(7):777-790. Epub 2022 Apr 25. PMID: 35468944
Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2022
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Colitis, Inflammation
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Orally administered red food dyes result in DNA damage in pregnant and male mice. May 01, 2001

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Sci. 2001 May;61(1):92-9. PMID: 11294979
Article Published Date : May 01, 2001
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : FD&C Red #40, Food Colorings
[+]

Six food coloring agents have cytotoxic effects and amplify the toxicity of a chemical in a rat model of liver impairment.Jun 01, 2000

Pubmed Data : J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2000 Jun;46(3):130-6. PMID: 10955279
Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2000
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage
Additional Keywords : Drug-Plant-Vitamin Synergies
Problem Substances : Brilliant Blue FCF, Erythrosine, FD&C Red #40, Food Colorings, Ponceau 4R (New Coccine), Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic, Hepatotoxic
[+]

Tartrazine adversely effects neurobehavioural parameters during the lactation period in mice.Feb 01, 2006

Pubmed Data : Food Chem Toxicol. 2006 Feb;44(2):179-87. Epub 2005 Aug 8. PMID: 16087284
Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2006
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Food Colorings, Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

Tartrazine produces adverse effects on neurobehavioral parameters throughout generations in mice.Oct 01, 2008

Pubmed Data : Reprod Toxicol. 2008 Oct;26(2):156-63. Epub 2008 Jul 17. PMID: 18687399
Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2008
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Food Colorings, Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

The current study suggests that prolonged exposure to E155 may result in a higher incidence of mammary tumors.Oct 31, 2024

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Cureus. 2024 Nov ;16(11):e73351. Epub 2024 Nov 9. PMID: 39659309
Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Breast Cancer
Additional Keywords : Increased Risk
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Yellow No. 5 stimulates a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes and eosinophils of the gastric antrum mucosa of rats. Feb 01, 2007

Pubmed Data : Braz J Biol. 2007 Feb;67(1):141-5. PMID: 17505761
Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2007
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Food Colorings, Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

A review of the association of blue food coloring with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children.Aug 31, 2022

Pubmed Data : Cureus. 2022 Sep ;14(9):e29241. Epub 2022 Sep 16. PMID: 36262950
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2022
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Problem Substances : FD&C Blue , Food Colorings
[+]

ADHD impacted by sulfotransferase (SULT1A) inhibition from artificial food colors and plant-based foods.Jul 31, 2014

Pubmed Data : Physiol Behav. 2014 Aug ;135:174-9. Epub 2014 Jun 18. PMID: 24952261
Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2014
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Allura Red AC is a xenobiotic. Is it also a carcinogen?Aug 11, 2024

Pubmed Data : Carcinogenesis. 2024 Aug 12. Epub 2024 Aug 12. PMID: 39129647
Article Published Date : Aug 11, 2024
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Colorectal Cancer, DNA damage
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Gastrotoxic
[+]

Artificial food dyes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Jun 30, 2011

Pubmed Data : Nutr Rev. 2011 Jul ;69(7):385-91. Epub 2011 Jun 30. PMID: 21729092
Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2011
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Aspartame and L-glutamic acid work synergistically with food coloring agents to induce neurotoxicity.Mar 01, 2006

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Sci. 2006 Mar;90(1):178-87. Epub 2005 Dec 13. PMID: 16352620
Article Published Date : Mar 01, 2006
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Excitotoxicity , Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Additional Keywords : Drug-Plant-Vitamin Synergies
Problem Substances : Aspartame, Brilliant Blue FCF, L-glutamic Acid, Quinoline Yellow
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Neurotoxic
[+]

Brilliant Blue FCF (FD&C Blue #1) is classified as a hazardous triphenylmethane dye. Feb 06, 2006

Pubmed Data : J Hazard Mater. 2006 Feb 6;128(2-3):233-9. Epub 2005 Oct 10. PMID: 16221529
Article Published Date : Feb 06, 2006
Study Type : Commentary
Additional Links
Problem Substances : FD&C Blue
[+]

Exposures to FD&C synthetic color additives from over-the-counter medications and vitamins in United States children and pregnant women.Aug 31, 2023

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2023 Sep ;33(5):787-793. Epub 2022 Mar 1. PMID: 35233072
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2023
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Problem Substances : FD&C Red #40, Food Colorings
[+]

Food coloring agents may result in liver toxicity through inhibiting drug-metabolizing enzymes. Jan 01, 2009

Pubmed Data : J Environ Public Health. 2009;2009:953952. Epub 2009 Aug 23. PMID: 20041016
Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : FD&C Blue , Food Colorings, Sunset Yellow FCF (Yellow 6), Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

Food coloring agents, especially in combination with one another, may inhibit neurogenesis. Jan 01, 2009

Pubmed Data : J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2009;72(21-22):1412-23. PMID: 20077213
Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Brilliant Blue FCF, FD&C Blue , FD & C yellow #5 , Food Colorings, Sunset Yellow FCF (Yellow 6)
[+]

Immune reactivity to food coloring.Dec 31, 2014

Pubmed Data : Altern Ther Health Med. 2015 ;21 Suppl 1:52-62. PMID: 25599186
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2014
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Food Allergies
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Reactions and/or sensitivity to tartrazine may be as high as 4%-14% of individuals with asthma or allergies or both and from 7% to 20% of persons who are sensitive to aspirin. Apr 15, 1982

Pubmed Data : Can Med Assoc J. 1982 Apr 15;126(8):910-4. PMID: 7074487
Article Published Date : Apr 15, 1982
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Allergies, Asthma
Problem Substances : Food Colorings, Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

Synthetic colors in food: A warning for children's health.May 26, 2024

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 May 27 ;21(6). Epub 2024 May 27. PMID: 38928929
Article Published Date : May 26, 2024
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Problem Substances : Food Colorings
[+]

Tartrazine may cause adverse reactions such as recurrent urticaria, angioedema, and asthma and is frequently implicated in hyperkinesis. Jan 01, 1985

Pubmed Data : J Asthma. 1985;22(3):139-43. PMID: 3894321
Article Published Date : Jan 01, 1985
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Angioedema, Asthma, Hyperkinetic Syndrome, Urticaria
Problem Substances : Tartrazine (Yellow Food Dye)
[+]

Toxicology of food dyes.Dec 31, 2011

Pubmed Data : Int J Occup Environ Health. 2012 ;18(3):220-46. PMID: 23026007
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2011
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Food Colorings

Food Colorings Related Articles

The powerful healing ingredient in Kraft's new mac & cheese
Written by Sayer Ji, Founder
A powerful spice extract now replaces toxic synthetic dyes in Kraft's mac & cheese, but the FDA has yet to approve turmeric for a single medical use despite thousands of studies support its value.
Top Pharma-Brand of Children's Vitamins Contains Aspartame, GMOs, & Other Hazardous Chemicals
Written by Sayer Ji, Founder
The #1 Children's vitamin brand in the US contains ingredients that most parents would never intentionally expose their children to, so why aren't more opting for healthier alternatives?
Kellogg's Responds to Popular Petition as Consumers Demand They Remove Artificial Ingredients From Baby Shark Cereal
Written by Vani Hari
Popular food blogger Vani Hari - aka "Food Babe" - launched a nationwide petition October 1st asking Kellogg's to remove artificial colors and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) from all of their cereals
Happy Birthday, Your Birthday Cakes Contains Over 80 Toxic Ingredients
Written by Christina England, BA Hons
What child does not enjoy a brightly colored birthday cake on their special day? Mine certainly did, however, despite the fact that millions are sold every day, a store-bought birthday cake is one of most toxic treats that you can give a child
Organic Food is Not Discount Food
Written by Heidi Stevenson
Organic food isn’t cheap, and the real thing never will be. The concept of mass-produced organics is fraudulent. It runs counter to both the ethos & reality. They cannot be produced by Agribusiness-style farmers who keep producing the same crop year-on-year. As long as food is treated as a commodity, then we have degraded the basic substance of our bodies and minds
What's That Stuff You're Eating For Breakfast?
Written by Vic Shayne, Ph.D.
Several years ago I spoke with a food scientist at one of the major organic cereal companies. He told me what I already suspected - boxed breakfast cereals, even if "healthier" are just dead foods. He said that they are cooked, baked and fried - to death - until there is no nutritional value.

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