Titanium Dioxide

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41 Diseases Researched for Titanium Dioxide
NameACCKFocus
DNA damage2147Locked
Oxidative Stress3042Locked
Chemically-Induced Liver Damage1322Locked
Inflammation1217Locked
Titanium Toxicity917Locked
Chemical Exposure212Locked
Lung Damage57Locked
Dysbiosis36Locked
Lipid Peroxidation45Locked
High Fructose Diet24Locked
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity24Locked
Microplastic Toxicity24Locked
Infertility: Male23Locked
Kidney Damage: Chemically-Induced23Locked
Anxiety12Locked
Arthritis12Locked
Bisphenol Toxicity12Locked
Cardiovascular Diseases12Locked
Depression12Locked
Gastrointestinal Inflammation12Locked
Infertility: Female12Locked
Kidney Damage12Locked
Liver Damage12Locked
Low Testosterone12Locked
Lung Inflammation12Locked
Lung Injury: Acute12Locked
Metabolic Diseases12Locked
Metabolic Syndrome X12Locked
Neurodegenerative Diseases12Locked
Obesity12Locked
Osteoporosis12Locked
Pesticide Toxicity 12Locked
Testicular Injury: Chemical/Metal Induced12Locked
Colorectal Cancer11Locked
Endothelial Damage11Locked
Fibrosarcoma11Locked
Gastric Cancer11Locked
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases11Locked
Skin Cancer11Locked
Tumors11Locked
Ultraviolet Radiation Induced Damage11Locked
9 Adverse Pharmacological Actions Researched for Titanium Dioxide
NameACCKFocus
Genotoxic646Locked
Bioaccumulator110Locked
Gastrotoxic47Locked
Immunotoxic57Locked
Cytotoxic46Locked
Inflammatory34Locked
Apoptotic23Locked
Carcinogenic33Locked
Oxidant23Locked

View the Evidence:
91 Abstracts with Titanium Dioxide Research

[+]

Genotoxicity evaluation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Apr 30, 2021

Pubmed Data : Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 May ;199(5):2057-2076. Epub 2020 Aug 7. PMID: 32770326
Article Published Date : Apr 30, 2021
Study Type : Meta Analysis
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Genotoxic
[+]

TiO2 NPs could induce genotoxicity, including DNA damage, chromosomal damage, and in vitro gene mutations.Oct 26, 2023

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Toxics. 2023 Oct 27 ;11(11). Epub 2023 Oct 27. PMID: 37999534
Article Published Date : Oct 26, 2023
Study Type : Meta Analysis
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Genotoxic
[+]

Oral administration of titanium dioxide results in gastro-intestinal absorption and increases in blood levels. Feb 01, 2000

Pubmed Data : Pharmazie. 2000 Feb;55(2):140-3. PMID: 10723775
Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2000
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Anti Therapeutic Actions : Nanotechnology
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Topical microfine titanium dioxide from sunscreens is capable of accumulating in the epidermis and dermis of humans subjects.Nov 01, 1996

Pubmed Data : Australas J Dermatol. 1996 Nov;37(4):185-7. PMID: 8961584
Article Published Date : Nov 01, 1996
Study Type : Human Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemical Exposure
Anti Therapeutic Actions : Nanotechnology
Problem Substances : Sunscreen, Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Bioaccumulator
[+]

Exploration of cytotoxic and genotoxic endpoints following sub-chronic oral exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Aug 31, 2019

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Ind Health. 2019 Sep ;35(9):577-592. PMID: 31663451
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2019
Study Type : Animal Study, In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Genotoxic
[+]

Alleviative effect of lactoferrin interventions against the hepatotoxicity induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles.May 15, 2023

Pubmed Data : Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 May 16. Epub 2023 May 16. PMID: 37191759
Article Published Date : May 15, 2023
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Lactoferrin
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, Titanium Toxicity
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Fibrotic, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants, Hepatoprotective
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

Acute exposure to sunscreen containing titanium induces an adaptive response and oxidative stress in Mytillus galloprovincialis.Feb 28, 2018

Pubmed Data : Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Mar ;149:58-63. Epub 2017 Nov 15. PMID: 29154135
Article Published Date : Feb 28, 2018
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress
Additional Keywords : Environmental Pollution, Lipid Peroxidation, oxidative stress, Sunscreen, Titanium Dioxide
Problem Substances : Sunscreen, Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Adverse effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on beneficial gut bacteria.Jun 30, 2023

Pubmed Data : Environ Res. 2023 Jul 1 ;228:115921. Epub 2023 Apr 15. PMID: 37068726
Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2023
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Titanium Toxicity
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Gastrotoxic
[+]

Ameliorative effects of thymoquinone on titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced acute toxicity.May 31, 2018

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Int J Vet Sci Med. 2018 Jun ;6(1):16-21. Epub 2018 Feb 23. PMID: 30255073
Article Published Date : May 31, 2018
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Thymoquinone
Diseases : Titanium Toxicity
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

Combined effects of TiO2 nanoparticle and fipronil co-exposure on microbiota in mouse intestine.Sep 30, 2024

Pubmed Data : Food Chem Toxicol. 2024 Oct ;192:114931. Epub 2024 Aug 12. PMID: 39142555
Article Published Date : Sep 30, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress, Pesticide Toxicity
Problem Substances : Pesticides, Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Combined exposure of nano-titanium dioxide and polystyrene nanoplastics exacerbate oxidative stress-induced liver injury.Apr 30, 2024

Pubmed Data : Environ Toxicol. 2024 May ;39(5):2681-2691. Epub 2024 Jan 17. PMID: 38234154
Article Published Date : Apr 30, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, Microplastic Toxicity, Oxidative Stress
Additional Keywords : Synergistic Toxicity
Problem Substances : Nano Plastic-and Micro-Particles, Polystyrene nanoparticles, Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Dietary titanium dioxide nanoparticles impair intestinal epithelial regeneration by perturbating the function of intestinal stem cells.Oct 31, 2024

Pubmed Data : Food Chem Toxicol. 2024 Nov ;193:115057. Epub 2024 Oct 13. PMID: 39406333
Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Gastrotoxic
[+]

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota by chronic coexposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles and bisphenol A.Nov 26, 2017

Pubmed Data : Environ Pollut. 2017 Nov 27 ;234:307-317. Epub 2017 Nov 27. PMID: 29190539
Article Published Date : Nov 26, 2017
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Bisphenol Toxicity, Dysbiosis, Titanium Toxicity
Problem Substances : Bisphenol A , Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Effects of oral exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles on gut microbiota and gut-associated metabolism in vivo.Nov 27, 2019

Pubmed Data : Nanoscale. 2019 Nov 28 ;11(46):22398-22412. PMID: 31738363
Article Published Date : Nov 27, 2019
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Dysbiosis, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Eugenol attenuates TiO 2 nanoparticles-induced oxidative damage, biochemical toxicity and DNA damage.Jan 08, 2021

Pubmed Data : Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jan 9. Epub 2021 Jan 9. PMID: 33420693
Article Published Date : Jan 08, 2021
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Eugenol
Diseases : DNA damage
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Food-grade titanium dioxide induces toxicity in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and acute hepatic and pulmonary responses.May 12, 2022

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 May 13 ;12(10). Epub 2022 May 13. PMID: 35630890
Article Published Date : May 12, 2022
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Foodborne TiO2 nanoparticles induced more severe hepatotoxicity in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome mice.Apr 29, 2021

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Foods. 2021 Apr 30 ;10(5). Epub 2021 Apr 30. PMID: 33946424
Article Published Date : Apr 29, 2021
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : High Fructose Diet, Metabolic Syndrome X
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Foodborne titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce stronger adverse effects in obese mice than non-obese mice.Aug 31, 2020

Pubmed Data : Small. 2020 Sep ;16(36):e2001858. Epub 2020 Jun 9. PMID: 32519440
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2020
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Dysbiosis, Inflammation, Obesity
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Gender difference in hepatic toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles after subchronic oral exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats.Apr 30, 2019

Pubmed Data : J Appl Toxicol. 2019 May ;39(5):807-819. Epub 2019 Jan 15. PMID: 30644115
Article Published Date : Apr 30, 2019
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Inflammation, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Genotoxicity and gene expression analyses of liver and lung tissues of mice treated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Dec 31, 2016

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Mutagenesis. 2017 Jan ;32(1):33-46. PMID: 28011748
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2016
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, DNA damage, Lung Damage, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Ginkgo biloba extract reverses the renal effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in adult male rats.Dec 31, 2015

Pubmed Data : Biochem Res Int. 2016 ;2016:5781579. Epub 2016 Mar 3. PMID: 27042354
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2015
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Ginkgo biloba
Diseases : Kidney Damage: Chemically-Induced
Pharmacological Actions : Renoprotective
Additional Keywords : Plant Extracts
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract mitigates titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced hepatotoxicity.Nov 06, 2019

Pubmed Data : Biol Trace Elem Res. 2019 Nov 7. Epub 2019 Nov 7. PMID: 31701464
Article Published Date : Nov 06, 2019
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Grape Seed Extract
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants, Hepatoprotective, NF-kappaB Inhibitor, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Alpha Inhibitor
Additional Keywords : Proanthocyanidins
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

Grape seed procyanidin extract can protect against the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Sep 24, 2017

Pubmed Data : Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Sep 25 ;275:133-144. Epub 2017 Aug 2. PMID: 28780322
Article Published Date : Sep 24, 2017
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Grape Seed Extract
Diseases : DNA damage, Oxidative Stress
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Heme oxygenase-1 inducer, Malondialdehyde Down-regulation, Nrf2 activation
Additional Keywords : Proanthocyanidins
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Hepatotoxicity and the role of the gut-liver axis in rats after oral administration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Dec 26, 2019

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Part Fibre Toxicol. 2019 Dec 27 ;16(1):48. Epub 2019 Dec 27. PMID: 31881974
Article Published Date : Dec 26, 2019
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, Oxidative Stress
Additional Keywords : Gut-liver axis
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P101 ameliorates TiO2 NP-induced bone injury.Dec 31, 2023

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Int J Nanomedicine. 2024 ;19:11593-11609. Epub 2024 Nov 9. PMID: 39539967
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2023
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Lactobacillus plantarum
Diseases : Osteoporosis
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Gastrointestinal Agents
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG recovered the gut dysbiosis and decreased the abundance of inflammation-related bacteria from titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Aug 31, 2021

Pubmed Data : J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Sep 1 ;69(34):9788-9799. Epub 2021 Aug 12. PMID: 34382390
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2021
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, Gastrointestinal Inflammation, High Fructose Diet, Metabolic Diseases
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Hepatoprotective, Prophylactic Agents
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Landscape of lipidomic metabolites in gut-liver axis of Sprague-Dawley rats after oral exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Aug 02, 2022

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Part Fibre Toxicol. 2022 Aug 3 ;19(1):53. Epub 2022 Aug 3. PMID: 35922847
Article Published Date : Aug 02, 2022
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, Oxidative Stress
Additional Keywords : Gut-liver axis
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Long-term intake of food additive TiO2 could alter the intestinal epithelial structure without influencing intestinal barrier function.Feb 16, 2021

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Part Fibre Toxicol. 2021 Feb 17 ;18(1):8. Epub 2021 Feb 17. PMID: 33596948
Article Published Date : Feb 16, 2021
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Lycopene alleviates titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced testicular toxicity.Aug 15, 2021

Pubmed Data : Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Aug 16. Epub 2021 Aug 16. PMID: 34396458
Article Published Date : Aug 15, 2021
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Lycopene
Diseases : Testicular Injury: Chemical/Metal Induced
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Apoptotic, Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Nano-titanium dioxide induces ovarian function damage in mice by mediating granulosa cell apoptosis.Jul 19, 2025

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 20 ;26(14). Epub 2025 Jul 20. PMID: 40725226
Article Published Date : Jul 19, 2025
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic
[+]

Naringenin mitigates titanium dioxide induced chronic arthritis.Nov 30, 2018

Pubmed Data : Inflamm Res. 2018 Dec ;67(11-12):997-1012. Epub 2018 Oct 28. PMID: 30370484
Article Published Date : Nov 30, 2018
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Naringenin
Diseases : Arthritis
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Neuroprotective potential of Betulinic acid against TIO2NP induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish.Sep 09, 2024

Pubmed Data : Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Sep 10 ;138:112604. Epub 2024 Jul 4. PMID: 38968863
Article Published Date : Sep 09, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Betulinic acid
Diseases : Neurodegenerative Diseases, Oxidative Stress
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Heme oxygenase-1 up-regulation, Neuroprotective Agents, Nrf2 activation
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Oral administration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles cause liver and heart injury, and wide distribution in the liver, spleen, kidneys and lung tissue. Jan 30, 2007

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Lett. 2007 Jan 30;168(2):176-85. Epub 2006 Dec 9. PMID: 17197136
Article Published Date : Jan 30, 2007
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Cardiovascular Diseases, Chemical Exposure, Liver Damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic
[+]

Oral exposure of titanium oxide nanoparticles induce ileum physical barrier dysfunction via Th1/Th2 imbalance.Aug 31, 2020

Pubmed Data : Environ Toxicol. 2020 Sep ;35(9):982-990. Epub 2020 Apr 25. PMID: 32333507
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2020
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic
[+]

Oral exposure to food grade titanium dioxide (E171) induces intestinal and behavioural alterations in adult mice.Feb 04, 2024

Pubmed Data : J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2024 Feb 5 ;83:127409. Epub 2024 Feb 5. PMID: 38394968
Article Published Date : Feb 04, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Anxiety, Depression
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Gastrotoxic
[+]

Pycnogenol-assisted alleviation of titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced lung inflammation.Aug 08, 2024

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Aug 9 ;13(8). Epub 2024 Aug 9. PMID: 39199218
Article Published Date : Aug 08, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Pycnogenol (Pine Bark)
Diseases : Lung Inflammation
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Quercetin mitigates oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and histopathological alterations induced by chronic titanium dioxide nanoparticle exposure.Aug 15, 2023

Pubmed Data : Microsc Microanal. 2023 Aug 16. Epub 2023 Aug 16. PMID: 37584520
Article Published Date : Aug 15, 2023
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Quercetin
Diseases : Titanium Toxicity
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Repeated administration of the food additive E171 to mice results in accumulation in intestine and liver and promotes an inflammatory status.Sep 30, 2019

Pubmed Data : Nanotoxicology. 2019 Oct ;13(8):1087-1101. Epub 2019 Jul 22. PMID: 31271314
Article Published Date : Sep 30, 2019
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, DNA damage, Inflammation
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Restraining the TiO2 nanoparticles-induced intestinal inflammation mediated by gut microbiota in juvenile rats via ingestion of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG.Dec 14, 2020

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Dec 15 ;206:111393. Epub 2020 Oct 1. PMID: 33010597
Article Published Date : Dec 14, 2020
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Diseases : Inflammation
Pharmacological Actions : Gastrointestinal Agents, Gastroprotective
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Sunscreens as a source of hydrogen peroxide production in coastal waters.Aug 18, 2014

Pubmed Data : Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Aug 19 ;48(16):9037-42. Epub 2014 Aug 1. PMID: 25069004
Article Published Date : Aug 18, 2014
Study Type : Environmental
Additional Links
Additional Keywords : Environmental Pollution
Problem Substances : Sunscreen, Titanium Dioxide
[+]

The findings underscore the need for risk assessments of titanium dioxide nanoparticles exposure due to its impact on development and immunity.Oct 31, 2024

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Vet Med Sci. 2024 Nov ;10(6):e70105. PMID: 39474769
Article Published Date : Oct 31, 2024
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Titanium Toxicity
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic
[+]

Thymoquinone and avenanthramides have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effect against the detrimental effect of titanium dioxide naonparticles.Dec 31, 2016

Pubmed Data : Pathol Res Pract. 2017 Jan ;213(1):13-22. Epub 2016 Aug 9. PMID: 27916297
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2016
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Oats, Thymoquinone
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

Tinospora cordifolia ameliorated titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced toxicity.Jan 31, 2021

Pubmed Data : Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2021 Feb ;240:108908. Epub 2020 Oct 3. PMID: 33022381
Article Published Date : Jan 31, 2021
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Substances : Guduchi
Diseases : Titanium Toxicity
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antioxidants, Heme oxygenase-1 up-regulation, Interferon Gamma Reducer, Interleukin-1 beta downregulation, Interleukin-6 Downregulation, Interleukin-8 downregulation, Nrf2 activation, Postaglandin PGE2 downregulation
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

TiO2 nanoparticles combined with polystyrene nanoplastics aggravated reproductive toxicity in female mice.Sep 30, 2023

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : J Sci Food Agric. 2023 Oct ;103(13):6452-6462. Epub 2023 Jun 7. PMID: 37209239
Article Published Date : Sep 30, 2023
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Infertility: Female, Microplastic Toxicity
Additional Keywords : Synergistic Toxicity
Problem Substances : Polystyrene nanoparticles, Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide causes oxidative stress responses in the water flea (Daphnia magna) in a particle-size dependent fashion. Feb 13, 2010

Pubmed Data : Sci Total Environ. 2010 Feb 13. Epub 2010 Feb 13. PMID: 20153877
Article Published Date : Feb 13, 2010
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Oxidant
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are readily absorbed in mice and accumulate in the liver for extended durations. Aug 01, 2008

Pubmed Data : J Toxicol Sci. 2008 Aug;33(3):293-8. PMID: 18670160
Article Published Date : Aug 01, 2008
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles cause acute toxicity, thrombosis, liver, lung and kidney damage when injected into mice. May 01, 2009

Pubmed Data : J Appl Toxicol. 2009 May;29(4):330-7. PMID: 19156710
Article Published Date : May 01, 2009
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Kidney Damage, Lung Damage
Anti Therapeutic Actions : Nanotechnology
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles contribute to pulmonary inflammation after intraperitoneal administration in lungs of mice. Jan 01, 2010

Pubmed Data : J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2010 Jan;73(5):396-409. PMID: 20155581
Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2010
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Lung Injury: Acute
Anti Therapeutic Actions : Nanotechnology
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles could change stereological and morphometrical parameters of the seminiferous tubules.Dec 31, 2015

Pubmed Data : Bratisl Lek Listy. 2016 ;117(11):659-664. PMID: 28125892
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2015
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Infertility: Male, Low Testosterone, Titanium Toxicity
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce DNA damage and genetic instability in vivo in mice.Nov 15, 2009

Pubmed Data : Cancer Res. 2009 Nov 15;69(22):8784-9. Epub 2009 Nov 3. PMID: 19887611
Article Published Date : Nov 15, 2009
Study Type : Animal Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Advances in genotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro.Dec 31, 2021

Pubmed Data : NanoImpact. 2022 Jan ;25:100377. Epub 2021 Dec 17. PMID: 35559883
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2021
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Genotoxic
[+]

Aluminium oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce immunotoxicity.Jan 31, 2026

Pubmed Data : J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2026 Feb ;40(2):e70737. PMID: 41665208
Article Published Date : Jan 31, 2026
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Aluminum oxide, Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic
[+]

Antioxidant thymoquinone and eugenol alleviate TiO 2 nanoparticle-induced toxicity in human blood cells.Jul 18, 2021

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Mech Methods. 2021 Jul 19:1-11. Epub 2021 Jul 19. PMID: 34219618
Article Published Date : Jul 18, 2021
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Substances : Eugenol, Thymoquinone
Diseases : Titanium Toxicity
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

Carcinogenic effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in human gastric epithelial cells in vitro.Aug 22, 2013

Pubmed Data : Biomed Pharmacother. 2013 Aug 23. Epub 2013 Aug 23. PMID: 24051123
Article Published Date : Aug 22, 2013
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Gastric Cancer
Anti Therapeutic Actions : Nanotechnology
Problem Substances : Nanoparticles, Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Carcinogenic
[+]

Chemoprotective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on cellular oxidative damages and apoptosis induced by nano titanium dioxide under UVA irradiation.Jan 31, 2011

Pubmed Data : Toxicol In Vitro. 2011 Feb ;25(1):110-6. Epub 2010 Oct 27. PMID: 20932892
Article Published Date : Jan 31, 2011
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Substances : NAC (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
Diseases : Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress, Ultraviolet Radiation Induced Damage
Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Apoptotic, Antioxidants
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Comparison of the DNA damage response in BEAS-2B and A549 cells exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Dec 31, 2016

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Mutagenesis. 2017 Jan ;32(1):161-172. Epub 2016 Nov 1. PMID: 27803034
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2016
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage, Lung Damage, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Continuous in vitro exposure of intestinal epithelial cells to E171 food additive causes oxidative stress, inducing oxidation of DNA bases but no endoplasmic reticulum stress.Jul 31, 2017

Pubmed Data : Nanotoxicology. 2017 Aug ;11(6):751-761. Epub 2017 Jul 19. PMID: 28671030
Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2017
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Exposure to titanium dioxide nanomaterials provokes inflammation. Sep 22, 2009

Pubmed Data : ACS Nano. 2009 Sep 22;3(9):2523-32. PMID: 19769402
Article Published Date : Sep 22, 2009
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Inflammation
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory
[+]

Hepatotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Dec 31, 2024

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : J Appl Toxicol. 2025 Jan ;45(1):23-46. Epub 2024 May 13. PMID: 38740968
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2024
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Immunotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.Dec 31, 2017

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Int J Nanomedicine. 2018 ;13:6735-6750. Epub 2018 Oct 23. PMID: 30425486
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2017
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic
[+]

Ingestion of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: a definite health risk for consumers and their progeny.Sep 30, 2022

Pubmed Data : Arch Toxicol. 2022 Oct ;96(10):2655-2686. Epub 2022 Jul 27. PMID: 35895099
Article Published Date : Sep 30, 2022
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Inflammation
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Interaction of TiO2 nanoparticles with lung fluid proteins and the resulting macrophage inflammatory response.Aug 31, 2023

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Environ Sci Nano. 2023 Sep 1 ;10(9):2427-2436. Epub 2023 Jul 27. PMID: 38009084
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2023
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Inflammation, Lung Damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Interactions between silica and titanium nanoparticles and oral and gastrointestinal epithelia: Consequences for inflammatory diseases and cancer.Feb 28, 2023

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Heliyon. 2023 Mar ;9(3):e14022. Epub 2023 Feb 24. PMID: 36938417
Article Published Date : Feb 28, 2023
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) intervention inhibited the oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by TiO2 NPs.Jul 28, 2022

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Jul 29 ;12(15). Epub 2022 Jul 29. PMID: 35957047
Article Published Date : Jul 28, 2022
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Substances : NAC (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
Diseases : DNA damage, Oxidative Stress
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Genoprotective
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Nanoparticle sunscreens may have photocarcinogenic potential. Feb 01, 2011

Pubmed Data : Australas J Dermatol. 2011 Feb;52(1):1-6. Epub 2010 Aug 16. PMID: 21332685
Article Published Date : Feb 01, 2011
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Skin Cancer
Anti Therapeutic Actions : Nanotechnology
Problem Substances : Nanoparticles, Sunscreen, Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Carcinogenic
[+]

Nanoparticle zinc oxide and titanium dioxide exhibit genotoxicity and cytotoxicity.Oct 01, 2010

Pubmed Data : Nanomedicine (Lond). 2010 Oct;5(8):1193-203. PMID: 21039197
Article Published Date : Oct 01, 2010
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Anti Therapeutic Actions : Nanotechnology
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Zinc Oxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Genotoxic
[+]

Oxidative stress-induced cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of nano-sized titanium dioxide particles in human HaCaT keratinocytes.Jun 13, 2012

Pubmed Data : Toxicology. 2012 Jun 14 ;296(1-3):27-36. Epub 2012 Mar 16. PMID: 22449567
Article Published Date : Jun 13, 2012
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Possible effects of titanium dioxide particles on human liver, intestinal tissue, spleen and kidney after oral exposure.Aug 31, 2020

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Nanotoxicology. 2020 Sep ;14(7):985-1007. Epub 2020 Jul 3. PMID: 32619159
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2020
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, Inflammation, Kidney Damage: Chemically-Induced, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

The existing body of evidence raises concern for human health regarding the long-term ingestion of E171.Dec 27, 2020

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 28 ;22(1). Epub 2020 Dec 28. PMID: 33379217
Article Published Date : Dec 27, 2020
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage, Inflammation
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Immunotoxic
[+]

These data support the antioxidant properties' nutraceutical role of Moringa oleifera against titanium dioxide nanoparticles-induced toxicity.May 03, 2018

Pubmed Data : Biol Trace Elem Res. 2018 May 4. Epub 2018 May 4. PMID: 29728821
Article Published Date : May 03, 2018
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Substances : Moringa oleifera
Pharmacological Actions : Antioxidants, Heme oxygenase-1 up-regulation, Nrf2 activation
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Nanoparticles
[+]

TiO(2) nanoparticles induce oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in human liver cells.Jan 31, 2013

Pubmed Data : Nanotoxicology. 2013 Feb ;7(1):48-60. Epub 2011 Nov 2. PMID: 22047016
Article Published Date : Jan 31, 2013
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage, DNA damage, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

TiO2 Nanoparticle-Induced Oxidation of the Plasma Membrane: Importance of the Protein Corona.Sep 20, 2017

Pubmed Data : J Phys Chem B. 2017 Sep 21 ;121(37):8619-8625. Epub 2017 Sep 11. PMID: 28844138
Article Published Date : Sep 20, 2017
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

TiO2 nanoparticles induce DNA double strand breaks and cell cycle arrest in human alveolar cells.Feb 28, 2015

Pubmed Data : Environ Mol Mutagen. 2015 Mar ;56(2):204-17. Epub 2014 Dec 18. PMID: 25524809
Article Published Date : Feb 28, 2015
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide food additive (E171) induces ROS formation and genotoxicity: contribution of micro and nano-sized fractions.Dec 31, 2016

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Mutagenesis. 2017 Jan ;32(1):139-149. Epub 2016 Oct 27. PMID: 27789654
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2016
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticle genotoxicity: A review of recent in vivo and in vitro studies.Jun 30, 2020

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Ind Health. 2020 Jul ;36(7):514-530. PMID: 32962563
Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2020
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Genotoxic
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles altered the lncRNA expression profile in human lung cells.Jan 05, 2023

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 6 ;20(2). Epub 2023 Jan 6. PMID: 36673815
Article Published Date : Jan 05, 2023
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Lung Damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles convert benign mouse fibrosarcoma cells into aggressive tumor cells.Nov 01, 2009

Pubmed Data : Am J Pathol. 2009 Nov;175(5):2171-83. Epub 2009 Oct 8. PMID: 19815711
Article Published Date : Nov 01, 2009
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Fibrosarcoma, Tumors
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Carcinogenic
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles exhibit cytotoxicity in mouse epidermal cells. Jan 01, 2009

Pubmed Data : J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2009;72(19):1141-9. PMID: 20077182
Article Published Date : Jan 01, 2009
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have genotoxic and cytotoxic potential in fish cells.Jul 01, 2008

Pubmed Data : Ecotoxicology. 2008 Jul;17(5):410-20. Epub 2008 May 20. PMID: 18491228
Article Published Date : Jul 01, 2008
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Cytotoxic
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have genotoxic effects. Jun 01, 2009

Pubmed Data : Hum Exp Toxicol. 2009 Jun;28(6-7):339-52. PMID: 19755445
Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2009
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis through ROS-Ca2+-p38/AKT/mTOR pathway in TM4 cells.May 31, 2024

Pubmed Data : J Appl Toxicol. 2024 Jun ;44(6):818-832. Epub 2024 Jan 25. PMID: 38272789
Article Published Date : May 31, 2024
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Apoptotic
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in spermatogonia.Aug 31, 2024

Pubmed Data : Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024 Sep ;202(9):4065-4077. Epub 2023 Dec 11. PMID: 38079059
Article Published Date : Aug 31, 2024
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Infertility: Male
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce COX-2 expression through ROS generation in human periodontal ligament cells.Dec 31, 2018

Article Publish Status : This is a free article. Click here to read the complete article.
Pubmed Data : J Toxicol Sci. 2019 ;44(5):335-345. PMID: 31068539
Article Published Date : Dec 31, 2018
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Inflammation, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Inflammatory, Oxidant
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce endothelial cell apoptosis.Jun 30, 2019

Pubmed Data : J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2019 Jul ;54:27-35. Epub 2019 Mar 25. PMID: 31109618
Article Published Date : Jun 30, 2019
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Endothelial Damage, Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce oxidative damage in human bronchial epithelial cells. Sep 15, 2005

Pubmed Data : Toxicology. 2005 Sep 15;213(1-2):66-73. PMID: 15970370
Article Published Date : Sep 15, 2005
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and DNA damage in human amnion epithelial (WISH) cells.Feb 29, 2012

Pubmed Data : Toxicol In Vitro. 2012 Mar ;26(2):351-61. Epub 2011 Dec 19. PMID: 22210200
Article Published Date : Feb 29, 2012
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) related changes of metabolomics signatures in human normal bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells.May 31, 2022

Pubmed Data : Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Jun 1 ;444:116020. Epub 2022 Apr 14. PMID: 35430233
Article Published Date : May 31, 2022
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles trigger a damage response in peripheral blood lymphocytes.Jun 01, 2008

Pubmed Data : Environ Mol Mutagen. 2008 Jun;49(5):399-405. PMID: 18418868
Article Published Date : Jun 01, 2008
Study Type : In Vitro Study
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: revealing the mechanisms underlying hepatotoxicity and effects in the gut microbiota.Jul 31, 2023

Pubmed Data : Arch Toxicol. 2023 Aug ;97(8):2051-2067. Epub 2023 Jun 22. PMID: 37344693
Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2023
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Chemically-Induced Liver Damage
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
[+]

Titanium dioxide particles from the diet: involvement in the genesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer.Jul 29, 2021

Pubmed Data : Part Fibre Toxicol. 2021 Jul 30 ;18(1):26. Epub 2021 Jul 30. PMID: 34330311
Article Published Date : Jul 29, 2021
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : Colorectal Cancer, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide
Adverse Pharmacological Actions : Gastrotoxic
[+]

Toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in central nervous system.Jul 31, 2015

Pubmed Data : Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Aug ;29(5):1042-52. Epub 2015 Apr 18. PMID: 25900359
Article Published Date : Jul 31, 2015
Study Type : Review
Additional Links
Diseases : DNA damage, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress
Problem Substances : Titanium Dioxide

Titanium Dioxide Related Articles

MSG: Delicious Seasoning Or Drug And Poison?
Written by Sayer Ji, Founder
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a commonly used "flavor enhancer," and so powerfully so that (arguably) you could spray it on roadkill and it would taste good. This omnipresent ingredient in modern mass market food takes advantage of our biologically hard-wired taste receptors, and makes it very hard to stop eating the foods "seasoned" with this ingredient.
Nanoparticle titanium dioxide is a clearly toxic mineral which can be found as an additive and excipient in various foods, cosmetics, vitamins and drugs. Over 4 million tons of this pigmentary substance is consumed annually worldwide, making its way into such FDA-approved applications as skim milk. It does not have to be listed in the ingredient list because it is considered a "manufacturing aid."

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